Evaluation of Multi-microbial Probiotics Produced by Submerged Liquid and Solid Substrate Fermentation Methods in Broilers

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate multi-microbe submerged liquid (SLF) and solid substrate (SSF) fermented probiotic products in broilers. The SLF and SSF probiotics were comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus (1.1×10 9 and 4×10 8 cfu/g), Bacillus subtilis (1.1×10 9 and 4.8×10 9 cfu/g), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1.5×10 7 and 1.0×10 4 cfu/g) and Aspergillus oryzae (2.6×10 7 and 4.3×10 7 cfu/g), respectively. In Exp. 1, 640 day-old Ross chicks were allotted to 4 treatments, each comprising 4 replicates (40 chicks/replicate). The basal diet was prepared without any antimicrobials (negative control, NC), and 20 mg/kg avilamycin (positive control, PC), 0.3% SLF and 0.3% SSF probiotics were added to the basal diets as treatments. Birds fed PC and SSF diets showed improved (p<0.001) overall weight gain and F/G than birds fed NC and SLF diets; whereas, birds fed SLF diet had better weight gain and F/G than birds fed NC diet. Retention of CP was higher (p<0.05) in birds fed the SSF diet than birds fed PC, SLF and NC diets. Birds fed the SLF diet tended to have higher (p<0.10) cecal total anaerobic bacteria than birds fed PC and NC diets; whereas, lesser cecal coliforms were noticed in birds fed PC, SLF and SSF diets than birds fed the NC diet. In Exp. 2, 640 day-old Ross chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. Each treatment had 4 replicates (40 chicks/replicate). Two different multi-microbe probiotic products (0.3% SLF or SSF) each with two different antibiotics (10 mg/kg colistin, or 20 mg/kg avilamycin) were used as dietary treatments. Birds fed the SSF diet had greater weight gain (p<0.001), better F/G (p<0.05), greater retention of energy (p<0.001) and protein (p<0.05), and lesser cecal Clostridium (d 35) than birds fed SLF diet. Birds fed the colistin-supplemented diet had less (p<0.01) cecal coliforms when compared with birds fed the avilamycin diet. Additionally, birds fed the avilamycin diet had greater energy retention (p<0.05) than birds fed the colistin diet. Thus, the results of this study suggest the multi-microbe probiotic product prepared by a solid substrate fermentation method to be superior to the probiotic product prepared by submerged liquid fermentation; moreover, feeding of probiotics with different antibiotics did not elicit any interaction effect between probiotic and antibiotic.

Effect of Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus acidophilus endospores on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, meat quality, relative organ weight, microbial shedding and excreta noxious gas emission in broilers

“…Probiotics beneficially affect the host animal by improving intestinal balance (Chen et al 2013), creating gut micro-ecological conditions that suppress harmful microorganisms like Clostridium and Coliforms (Shim et al 2010;Sinol et al 2012) and by favouring beneficial microorganisms like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. In our study, the dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis DSM 17299, Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus acidophilus endospores increased gut Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria counts and decreased Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens counts compared with those of other treatments.…”

“…Improvement in growth performance and feed efficiency of broiler chickens supplemented with different strains of probiotics (Sinol et al 2012;Zhang and Kim 2014) are thought to be induced by the cumulative effect of probiotic action including the improvement of feed intake and digestion (Shim et al 2010), increased digestive enzyme activity and decreased NH 3 production (Chen et al 2013), maintenance of beneficial microbial populations (Chen et al 2013) and alteration of bacterial metabolism (Sinol et al 2012). In this study, DM and N digestibility were increased by dietary supplementation of TSP.…”

Bacillus aerius: A Promising Probiotic for Poultry Feed Use

“…The chicks were randomly divided into two experimental groups of 12 chicks in each group -Group 1 as the Control group and Group 2 as the Test group. Both the groups were fed broiler starter from day 1to 21 and broiler finisher from day 22 to 42 (Shim et al, 2010). Group 1 (Control) were provided only water and group 2 (Test) with water with 4.1x10 8 cfu/ml of B.aerius spore powder formulation added as per standard protocol.…”

“…Most research findings on probiotics have demonstrated the use of mono strain or multi strain probiotic microbes belonging to the same species or genus (Shim et al, 2010).…”

Probiotic levels, chemical composition and fermentative characteristics in solid state fermentation of paper sludge for animal feeding

“…[5] defines the SSF as the culture of microorganisms in a particular substrate, allowing its growth and metabolism at proper temperature and aeration; this permits the use of microbial production or single-cell protein. In this sense, [6] mentions that the SSF consists in the growth of microorganisms on solid substrates in absence of free water; this improves the chemical composition of some by-products and generates new alternatives for animal feeding. However, there is not enough information on the fermentation in solid state of paper sludge with the addition of probiotics and considering its potential use in ruminant feeding.…”