Evaluation of pH, calcium ion release and antimicrobial activity of a new calcium aluminate cement

Abstract

This study evaluated the pH, calcium ion release and antimicrobial activity of EndoBinder (EB), containing different radiopacifiers: bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO) or zirconium oxide (ZrO2), in comparison to MTA. For pH and calcium ion release tests, 5 specimens per group (n=5) were immersed into 10 mL of distilled and deionized water at 37°C. After 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 h; 7, 14 and 28 days, the pH was measured and calcium ion release quantified in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For antimicrobial activity, the cements were tested against S. aureus, E. coli, E. faecalis and C. albicans, in triplicate. MTA presented higher values for pH and calcium ion release than the other groups, however, with no statistically significant difference after 28 days (p>0.05); and the largest inhibition halos for all strains, with no significant difference (E. coli and E. faecalis) for pure EB and EB+Bi2O3 (p>0.05). EB presented similar performance to that of MTA as regards pH and calcium ion release; however, when ZnO and ZrO2 were used, EB did not present antimicrobial activity against some strains.

Cytotoxicity of New Calcium Aluminate Cement (EndoBinder) Containing Different Radiopacifiers

“…Although Ca was detected in most groups by SEM/EDS analysis in the present study, Ca and hydroxyl ions were not detected. In a recent study, Pires-de-Souza et al (24) reported that the lower values of released Ca and hydroxyl ions occur in the initial 48 h after immersion of cements (EndoBinder and MTA) in distilled water. These values increase significantly after 7 days, reaching the peak at the 28th day after immersion.…”

“…The release of calcium ions by EndoBinder is regulated by the decomposition of hydrated calcium aluminate and this occurs at a slower speed compared with MTA (24). In spite of the slower release of calcium ions by EndoBinder, the odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells exposed to the extracts obtained from the cement, whether they contained different radiopacifiers or not, had similar viability of cells exposed to the MTA extract, which determined the cytocompatibillity of the material.…”

Chitosan-collagen biomembrane embedded with calcium-aluminate enhances dentinogenic potential of pulp cells

“…10,11,12,13,14 Recently, researchers have found calcium-aluminate to be a promising mineral phase for both dentin and bone regeneration, since several levels of Ca ++ release and neutral pH may be achieved, depending on the production route, which has a direct effect on cell differentiation. 15,16,17,18,19 Therefore, human dental pulp cells were used in the present investigation to assess the dentinogenic potential of a novel biomembrane composed of chitosan and collagen containing calcium-aluminate as a mineral phase.…”

Evaluation of Calcium Aluminate/Calcium Phosphate Based Bio-Cements as Root-End Filling Material

“…However the conversion process in which the metastable hydrated compounds, CAH 10 , C 2 AH 8 and AH 3 is transformed to the stable C 3 AH 6 and γ-AH 3 at the relatively high temperature of curing medium (37 °C) especially at later curing ages will increase porosity and results in a highly porous system [34][35][36] , Although pores have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the cement but it also affects its physical properties and, subsequently, its behavior within its environment. Porosity has been shown to act as reservoir for precipitated HA phase during the hydration reaction which have an impact upon bio-remineralization 36,38 . The results indicated that the CA/HA facilitated the precipitation of a hydroxyapatite-like active layer, suggesting that filling the hair cracks due to the increasing porosity at later ages, that is favorable in vitro bioactivity.…”