Evaluation of pooled ocular and vaginal swabs by the Cepheid GeneXpert CT/NG assay for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae compared to the GenProbe Aptima Combo 2 Assay

Dize, Laura; West, Sheila K.; Mkocha, Harran; Quinn, Thomas C.; Gaydos, Charlotte A.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.11.010

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We carried samples in insulated boxes, then refrigerated them at the end of the day’s work and until they were transported to Manila, Philippines, for repackaging and shipment to London. DNA degradation occurs more rapidly at higher temperatures, and it is therefore possible that our estimates of Ct PCR positivity and DNA loads are underestimates, however our own [ 15 ] and others’ [ 25 ] data suggest this degradation results in (qualitative) diagnostic failure only in very low load samples, which are presumably from individuals least likely to pass infection on to contacts [ 26 ]. Loss of antibody following storage for several hours at temperatures >30°C is minimal [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of signs of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies to Pgp3 in residents of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveIn some Pacific Island countries, such as Solomon Islands and Fiji, active trachoma is common, but ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) are rare. On Tarawa, the most populous Kiribati island, both the active trachoma sign “trachomatous inflammation—follicular” (TF) and TT are present at prevalences warranting intervention. We sought to estimate prevalences of TF, TT, ocular Ct infection, and anti-Ct antibodies on Kiritimati Island, Kiribati, to assess local relationships between these parameters, and to help determine the need for interventions against trachoma on Kiribati islands other than Tarawa.MethodsAs part of the Global Trachoma Mapping Project (GTMP), on Kiritimati, we examined 406 children aged 1–9 years for active trachoma. We collected conjunctival swabs (for droplet digital PCR against Ct plasmid targets) from 1–9-year-olds with active trachoma, and a systematic selection of 1–9-year-olds without active trachoma. We collected dried blood spots (for anti-Pgp3 ELISA) from all 1–9-year-old children. We also examined 416 adults aged ≥15 years for TT. Prevalence of TF and TT was adjusted for age (TF) or age and gender (TT) in five-year age bands.ResultsThe age-adjusted prevalence of TF in 1–9-year-olds was 28% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24–35). The age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of TT in those aged ≥15 years was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1–0.3%). Twenty-six (13.5%) of 193 swabs from children without active trachoma, and 58 (49.2%) of 118 swabs from children with active trachoma were positive for Ct DNA. Two hundred and ten (53%) of 397 children had anti-Pgp3 antibodies. Both infection (p<0.0001) and seropositivity (p<0.0001) were strongly associated with active trachoma. In 1–9-year-olds, the prevalence of anti-Pgp3 antibodies rose steeply with age.ConclusionTrachoma presents a public health problem on Kiritimati, where the high prevalence of ocular Ct infection and rapid increase in seropositivity with age suggest intense Ct transmission amongst young children. Interventions are required here to prevent future blindness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of signs of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies to Pgp3 in residents of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati

et al. 2017

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“…There are recommendations for screening men who have sex with men (MSM) due to their increased risk for HIV and other STIs (MMWR Treatment Guidelines 2015). Utilizing self-collection swab techniques in men for STI detection could speed up clinic visits and screen more people in clinics that are offering “express visits” due to budget cuts (Dize 2015 and Golden 2010). Of the 32.5% of men who reported having no symptoms on the day of their clinic visit, 28.8% of those tested positive for having at least one infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of self-collected penile-meatal swabs compared to clinician-collected urethral swabs for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Trichomonas vaginalis , and Mycoplasma genitalium by nucleic acid amplification assays

Dize

Barnes

et al. 2016

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

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Men were enrolled in a study to assess the performance and acceptability of self-collected penile meatal swabs as compared to clinician-collected urethral swabs for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We expected penile-meatal swabs to perform favorably to urethral swabs for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) detection by nucleic acid amplification assays (NAATs). Of 203 swab pairs tested; for CT, penile-meatal swab sensitivity was 96.8% and specificity was 98.8%. NG sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 98.9%, respectively. For TV, sensitivity was 85.0% and specificity was 96.7%. For MG sensitivity and specificity were 79.3% and 99.4%, respectively. No significant statistical differences between sample type accuracy (CT: p=0.625; NG: p=0.248; TV: p=0.344; and MG: p=0.070) existed. Most men, 90.1%, reported self-collection of penile-meatal swabs as “Very Easy” or “Easy”. Self-collected penile-meatal swabs appeared acceptable for NAAT STI detection and an acceptable collection method by men.

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“…The swabs were processed using a published pooling strategy 14 , 15 (4–5 per pool) within 90 days of arrival, using the APTIMA Combo 2 (AC2) commercial test for C . trachomatis (Hologic Inc., San Diego CA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal change in the serology of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis pgp3 in children residing in a trachoma area

West

Muñoz

Kaur

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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A serologic test for antibodies to chlamydial antigen pgp3 may be a useful tool for trachoma surveillance. However, little is known about the stability of antibody status over time, or factors associated with seroreversion/conversion. A cohort of 2,111 children ages 1–9 years in Tanzania were followed for one year in the absence of mass azithromycin. At baseline and follow-up, they were evaluated for trachoma, chlamydial infection, and antibodies to chlamydial antigen pgp3. At baseline, 31% of children were seropositive for pgp3 antibodies and 6.4% seroreverted to negative over one year. Of those seronegative, 9.8% seroconverted over the year. The seroreverters had lower baseline mean fluorescence intensity (MFI-BG) values compared to the seropositives who remained positive (Odds Ratio = 0.04 for every unit increase in log10MFI-BG, 95% CI = 0.02–0.09), and were more likely to live in communities with trachoma <5% (p < 0.008). While seroconversion was expected, seroreversion was unexpected. The low seroprevalence rate reported from low endemic areas may be due to seroreversion as well as lack of exposure.

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Evaluation of pooled ocular and vaginal swabs by the Cepheid GeneXpert CT/NG assay for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae compared to the GenProbe Aptima Combo 2 Assay

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of signs of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies to Pgp3 in residents of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati

Prevalence of signs of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies to Pgp3 in residents of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati

Performance of self-collected penile-meatal swabs compared to clinician-collected urethral swabs for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Trichomonas vaginalis , and Mycoplasma genitalium by nucleic acid amplification assays

Longitudinal change in the serology of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis pgp3 in children residing in a trachoma area

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