Evaluation of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Membrane Test Assays for the Forensic Identification of Seminal Fluid

Hochmeister, Manfred N.; Budowle, Bruce; Rudin, Oskar; Gehrig, Christian; Borer, Urs V.; Thali, Michael J.; Dirnhofer, Richard

doi:10.1520/jfs12042j

Cited by 156 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Other early assays that used an immunochromatographic technique include those for the quantification of drugs in biological fluids (100), theophylline in whole blood (57), and mouse immunoglobulin (36). Over the past decade many immunochromatographic assays have been reported for the detection of infectious diseases (2-4, 8, 9, 13, 15-17, 21, 22, 27, 29, 37, 42, 59-61, 69, 74-76, 84, 94), cancer (35,72), cardiovascular problems (54,65,66,73), pancreatitis (43), and illicit drugs (7,95). Other promising areas for the use of such assays are drug monitoring (93), food safety (10), and veterinary medicine (45,50).…”

Section: Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Methods for Detection and Identification of Infectious Disease and Biological Warfare Agents

Peruski

2003

Clin Vaccine Immunol

196

119

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NATURE OF THE PROBLEMBW agents. The release of a biological weapon (BW) agent by a terrorist group or military force would likely be silent and undetectable or nearly so. As shown by anthrax attack during the fall of 2001 in the eastern United States, patients would begin appearing at hospitals and clinics within several days of exposure, most presenting with nonspecific flu-like symptoms. The first days of the outbreak might not even cause undue concern. However, depending on the type of agent and the method of dispersal, the public healthcare system would rapidly be stretched to capacity and beyond.The qualities that make a good BW agent are its relationship between aerosolization, infectivity, or toxicity and the amount of agent required to produce an effect (48). In addition, criteria such as environmental stability, ease of production, disease severity, and communicability determine which agents are the most likely to be utilized. For maximum effect, an optimal agent should be highly lethal and easily produced in large quantities and have limited options for preventive or prophylactic treatment. Given that the respiratory route is the most effective for most BW agents, stability in an aerosol form and the capability to be readily dispersed also in an aerosol (1-to 10-m particle size) are necessary. When potential agents are reviewed for these characteristics, Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) and variola major virus (smallpox) are considered to have the greatest potential for mass casualties and civil disruption. Also high on a prospective list of agents are botulinum neurotoxins, Yersinia pestis, and Francisella tularensis (48,91,92). Lower on the prospective list are Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei, Rickettsia sp., Coxiella burnetii, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Marburg and Ebola viruses, and influenza viruses (48,63,91,92).Emerging infectious disease agents. In addition to diseases caused by intentional epidemics, there are several emerging infectious diseases (ID) with the potential for significant public health consequences, including dengue fever, West Nile fever, and Rift Valley fever as well as the recent reemergence of malaria in the eastern United States (48,63,91,92). As with BW agents, emerging ID agents may be directly transmissible or vector borne (63). A complex interplay of factors can influence disease emergence, including genetic variation, environmental changes, and population pressures. Further compounding this already complicated situation, are the estimated 600 million international tourists annually, many with the potential to the spread disease globally in a matter of hours (63). Clearly, the challenges facing modern clinical microbiologists and immunologists are daunting enough without the added difficulties posed by the intentional release of BW/ID agents! Because of the threat posed by both BW and emerging or reemerging ID agents, there is a need to rapidly identify such agents in the clinical setting in order to treat the individuals at risk and to improve p...

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Section: Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Methods for Detection and Identification of Infectious Disease and Biological Warfare Agents

Peruski

2003

Clin Vaccine Immunol

196

119

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“…Detekcijom prostata specifičnog antigena (PSA) za koju sumnjamo da je sperma detektiramo antigen koji u velikim količinama producira prostata. Međutim, PSA se može pronaći u malim količina-ma u fecesu i znoju, a moguće ga je pronaći u urinu žena i majčinom mlijeku 37 . Alternativni izvori svjetla, kao Polilight koriste UV, vidljivo i infracrveno svjetlo da bi izazvali fluorescenciju sperme 16,28 .…”

Section: Preliminarni Testovi Za Pronalaženje Tragova Spermeunclassified

Biological traces at the crime scene

et al. 2018

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Sažetak. Biološki tragovi koji se pronađu na mjestu nekog događaja su ljudskog, životinjskog i biljnog podrijetla. Većinom su ljudskog podrijetla -dlake, kosa, krv, sperma, slina, znoj i suze, ali i nokti, zubi i komadići kosti. U raspravi o biološkim tragovima razlikujemo nesporne uzorke i sporne tragove. Nesporne uzorke uzimamo od osumnjičenih, oštećenih i svih ostalih osoba koje su mogle doći u kontakt s tragovima ili predmetima na mjestu događaja, a služe za isključenje. Sporni tragovi su tragovi pronađeni na mjestu događaja, na predmetima ili osobama koje su povezane s mjestom događaja ili počinjenim kaznenim dijelom, a čiji su identitet i uloga u događaju poznati. Prilikom uzimanja bioloških tragova potrebno se pridržavati pravila antikontaminacije i sigurnosti rada s biološkim materijalom, uključujući i mjere samozaštite. Cilj je sudskomedicionskle obrade svih bioloških tragova osigurati dovoljnu količinu kvalitetnog DNK-a koji će se moći upotrijebiti u individualizaciji svakog pojedinog biološkog traga. Osim u tom analitičkom koraku kojim se iz traga nedvojbeno izvodi dokaz, biološki tragovi mogu se obraditi i nekim jednostavnijim, jeftinijim i manje pouzdanim metodama. U ovom preglednom članku obradili smo i sudskomedicinski značaj tragova sperme. Spermu najčešće analiziramo kod kaznenih djela protiv spolne slobode i spolnog ćudoređa. Analiza kose i dlaka koristi se i za povezivanje počinitelja s mjestom događaja ili žrtvom i za razne toksikološke analize, a tragove sline koristimo i za određivanje krvne grupe.Ključne riječi: biološki trag; DNK analiza; profiliranje Abstract. Biological traces found at the crime scene are of human, animal and plant origin. Among them the most commonly present are of human origin -hair, blood, sperm, saliva, sweat and tears, but also nails, teeth and bone bits. When considering biological traces as evidence, we distinguish incontestable and debatable traces. Incontestable samples are taken from suspects, alive victims and from all other people that may have been in contact with the traces or objects at the crime scene. Debatable traces are found at the scene of events, on objects or people associated with the venue or criminal offence, whose identity and role in the event is known. When taking biological traces, it is necessary to comply with the anti-contamination and safety rules regarding handling with biological material, including self-protection measures. The goal of processing biological traces that are usable as court evidence is to provide a sufficient amount of DNA, which can be used in the individualization of each biological trace. However, in addition to this analytical step by which evidence is undoubtedly drawn from the trace, biological traces can be treated with some simpler, cheaper and less reliable methods. In this review article, we also discussed the judicial significance of sperm traces. Sperm is often analyzed for crimes impinging on sexual freedom. Hair samples can be used for toxicological analysis and to connect perpetrators to an event or vict...

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“…Commercial test kits that depend on antibody-antigen reaction are currently widely used for PSA detection. One of the most popular commercial kits, the OneStep ABAcard® PSA, also uses the technique of a mobile monoclonal anti-human PSA antibody which binds to human PSA and migrates along the strip, forming a visible line in its path (33,34). However, studies have shown that PSA can also be found in very low levels in other body fluids, such as female urine and breast milk (35,36).…”

Section: Immunological Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%