Evaluation of Reanalysis Temperature and Precipitation for the Andean Altiplano and Adjacent Cordilleras

Birkel, S. D.; Mayewski, Paul Andrew; Perry, L. Baker; Seimon, Anton; Andrade-Flores, Marcos F.

doi:10.1029/2021ea001934

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 37 publications

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“…In addition, climate variability in the Pariacaca mountain range (Cordillera Central in the present work) was described for the 1980-2017 period using monthly ERA5 data (Lopez-Moreno et al 2020). More recently, Birkel et al (2022) compared 2-metre temperature, precipitation and other climate variables from six widely used global reanalysis products (ERAI, CFSR, NNR1, JRA55, MERRA2 and the new ERA5) to provide context that can inform the calibration of ice core climate proxy records in the central Andes. In this study, 2 metre monthly temperature and precipitation from each reanalysis were validated against surface observations at different high-altitude sites in the central Andes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of ERA5-Land temperature and relative humidity on four Peruvian glaciers using on-glacier observations

et al. 2022

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Weather and climate conditions drive the evolution of tropical glaciers which play an important role as water reservoirs for Peruvian inhabitants in the arid coast and semi-arid Andean region. The scarcity of long-term high-quality observations over Peruvian glaciers has motivated the extensive use of reanalysis data to describe the climatic evolution of these glaciers. However, the representativeness and uncertainties of these reanalysis products over these glaciers are still poorly constrained. This study evaluates the ability of the ERA5-Land reanalysis (ERA5L) to reproduce hourly and monthly 2 m air temperature and relative humidity (T2m and Rh2m, respectively) over several Peruvian glaciers. We compared the ERA5L with data from four on-glacier automatic weather stations (AWS), whose hourly time series were completed with nearby stations, for the period January 2017 to December 2019. Results indicates a better performance of the reanalysis for T2m (r >0.80) than for Rh2m (∼0.4< r <∼0.6) in all four glaciers. Concerning the observations, both parameters show a daily cycle influenced by the presence of the glacier. This influence is more prominent during the dry months when the so-called glacier damping and cooling effects are stronger. On a monthly time scale, the ERA5L validation for both parameters are better in wet outer tropical sites (RMSE between ±0.2°C for T2m and between 3%–7% for Rh2m) rather than in dry outer tropical sites (RMSE between ±0.2°C for T2m and between 3%–7% for Rh2m). Among all sites considered in the study, the Rh2m bias is the highest in the Cavalca glacier (correlation of 0.81; RMSE 13%, MAE 11% and bias 8.3%) and the lowest in Artesonraju glacier (correlation of 0.96; RMSE 3%; MAE 2.3% and bias — 0.8%). Based on certain considerations outlined in this paper, it is appropriate to use ERA5L to characterize T2m and Rh2m conditions on Peruvian glaciers, particularly in the wet outer tropics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of ERA5-Land temperature and relative humidity on four Peruvian glaciers using on-glacier observations

et al. 2022

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Elevation dependent change in ERA5 precipitation and its extremes

Ferguglia,

Palazzi,

Arnone

2024

Clim Dyn

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Mountain regions are recognised as hot-spots of climate change. Although the existence of an Elevation-Dependent Warming has been extensively confirmed in several mountain areas of the globe, fewer studies have analysed the elevational stratification of temporal trends of other climate variables, and particularly for precipitation. This study analyses changes in mean precipitation and its extremes in ERA5 global reanalysis data in key mountain areas of the globe, along with their elevational dependence, from 1951 to 2020. These include the Tibetan Plateau, the US Rocky Mountains, the Greater Alpine Region, and the Andes, as representative of different latitudes and climatic influences. Our analysis reveals common patterns of elevational dependent change in precipitation and its extremes in most of the mountainous areas, which emerge beyond their geographical differences. A positive elevational gradient of trends of extreme precipitation indices is found in the Tibetan Plateau, the Greater Alpine Region, and the subtropical Andes, highlighting a wetting effect (positive trends) at very high elevations. In contrast, the Rocky Mountains exhibit a negative elevational gradient, with a drying effect (negative trends) increasing with the elevation. Notably, a simple linear regression proved to be effective to describe the stratification of change in the Greater Alpine Region and the Rocky Mountains, whereas more complex vertical patterns need to be considered for the Andes and the Tibetan Plateau. Mean precipitation, heavy ($$\ge$$ ≥ 10 mm) precipitation and the length of consecutive wet days show a consistent elevation-dependent stratification within each of the study areas, suggesting possible common driving mechanisms.

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Large-scale dynamics of extreme precipitation in the tropical Andes: combining weather radar observations and reanalysis data

Córdova,

Orellana-Alvear,

Bendix

et al. 2024

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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Evaluation of Reanalysis Temperature and Precipitation for the Andean Altiplano and Adjacent Cordilleras

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Validation of ERA5-Land temperature and relative humidity on four Peruvian glaciers using on-glacier observations

Validation of ERA5-Land temperature and relative humidity on four Peruvian glaciers using on-glacier observations

Elevation dependent change in ERA5 precipitation and its extremes

Large-scale dynamics of extreme precipitation in the tropical Andes: combining weather radar observations and reanalysis data

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