“…Some studies found a reduction in butterfat content ( Horchner et al, 1970; Black and Froyd, 1972; Charlier et al, 2007; Khan et al, 2009, 2011 ), although others did not ( Mezo et al, 2011; Charlier et al, 2012 ). Reported effects on fertility vary, with some studies reporting an increased calving interval, or delayed puberty in young animals ( Lopez-Diaz et al, 1998; Charlier et al, 2007 ), whereas others found no difference ( Simsek et al, 2007; Mezo et al, 2011 ). The magnitude of the effect depends on the breed of cow and the husbandry system used, which varies greatly between countries studied, even within western Europe ( Bennema et al, 2010; Mezo et al, 2011 ).…”