Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in mild cognitive impairment

Fernández-Fleites, Zoylen; Jiménez-Puig, Elizabeth; Broche-Pérez, Yunier; Morales-Ortiz, Sheyla; Luzardo, Darlyn Alejandra Reyes; Crespo-Rodríguez, Luis Ramón

doi:10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-010010

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The results of the current study are in line with previous reports on older patient cohorts reporting that the IFS and the FAB can effectively differentiate dementia (Custodio et al, 2016) and MCI patients (Fernández-Fleites et al, 2021) from healthy controls. The patient groups differed significantly in the total scores and in many individual subtests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings have important clinical application potential because short and accurate cognitive tests targeted to capture ED are of great value for initial assessment in primary healthcare. The results of the current study are in line with previous reports on older patient cohorts reporting that the IFS and the FAB can effectively differentiate dementia (Custodio et al, 2016) and MCI patients (Fernández-Fleites et al, 2021) from healthy controls. The patient groups differed significantly in the total scores and in many individual subtests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…When comparing the two tests, the IFS seems more accurate in differentiating AD from bvFTD (Custodio et al, 2017; Gleichgerrcht et al, 2011), as well as AD or FTD from healthy controls (Custodio et al, 2016; Moreira et al, 2014). Furthermore, the IFS has been reported to identify MCI more accurately than the FAB (Fernández-Fleites et al, 2021) and to have stronger correlations with standard neuropsychological executive tests (Gleichgerrcht et al, 2011). Dementia diagnosis often requires clinical follow-up; therefore, the ability of a method to detect possible changes in executive functions is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in detecting executive dysfunction in early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia

Heikkinen,

Tikkanen,

Hänninen

et al. 2023

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objective: The INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) are executive dysfunction (ED) screening tools that can distinguish patients with neurodegenerative disorders from healthy controls and, to some extent, between dementia subtypes. This paper aims to examine the suitability of these tests in assessing early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia patients. Method: In a memory clinic patient cohort (age mean = 57.4 years) with symptom onset at ≤65 years, we analyzed the IFS and the FAB results of four groups: early-onset dementia (EOD, n = 49), mild cognitive impairment due to neurological causes (MCI-n, n = 34), MCI due to other causes such as depression (MCI-o, n = 99) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 14). Data were gathered at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. We also studied the tests’ accuracy in distinguishing EOD from SCD patients and ED patients from those with intact executive functioning. Correlations with neuropsychological measures were also studied. Results: The EOD group had significantly (p < .05) lower IFS and FAB total scores than the MCI-o and SCD groups. Compared with the FAB, the IFS showed more statistically significant (p < .05) differences between diagnostic groups, greater accuracy (IFS AUC = .80, FAB AUC = .75, p = .036) in detecting ED and marginally stronger correlations with neuropsychological measures. We found no statistically significant differences in the EOD group scores from baseline up to 6- or 12-months follow-up. Conclusions: While both tests can detect EOD among memory clinic patients, the IFS may be more reliable in detecting ED than the FAB.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in detecting executive dysfunction in early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia

Heikkinen,

Tikkanen,

Hänninen

et al. 2023

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…The working memory subtests assess the individual’s ability to temporarily store information and manipulate it to perform complex cognitive tasks. The IFS has been validated in patients with brain dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and neuropsychiatric disorders ( Baez et al, 2014 ; Custodio et al, 2016 ; Fernández-Fleites et al, 2021 ). It is a reliable and valid tool for finding deficits in frontal lobe functions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID-19 post-infection on the cognition of adults from Peru

Zegarra-Valdivia,

Arana-Nombera,

Perez-Fernandez

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic, with over 83 million confirmed cases and 1.8 million deaths, has raised concerns about long-term cognitive issues, especially in populations facing disparities. Despite a few years since Peru’s first COVID-19 wave, the cognitive effects on adults remain unclear. This study is the first in Peru to explore COVID-19’s impact on general cognition and executive function.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study compared individuals with COVID-19 history to controls, assessing general cognition, verbal fluency, attention, and executive function. Among 240 assessed, 154 met the study inclusion criteria, with about 60% female and an average age of 38.89 ± 16.001 years. Groups included controls (n = 42), acute phase (AP, n = 74) (1–14 days of symptoms), and hyperinflammatory phase (HP, n = 38) (>14 days of symptoms).ResultsSignificant cognitive differences were observed. The HP group exhibited lower general cognitive performance (p = 0.02), working memory (p = 0.01), and executive function (planning; p < 0.001; flexibility; p = 0.03) than controls. Those with <14 days of illness (AP vs. HP) had deficits in general cognitive performance (p = 0.02), working memory (p = 0.02), and planning (p < 0.001), mainly during the hyperinflammatory phase, showing differences in working memory (p = 0.003) and planning (p = 0.01). Gender differences emerged, with males in the HP phase having poorer working memory (p = 0.003) and planning (p = 0.01).DiscussionThis study underscores COVID-19’s negative impact on cognitive function, even in mild cases, with potential heightened effects in men during acute or hyperinflammatory phases. The findings provide Peru’s first evidence, highlighting the vulnerability of populations facing socioeconomic disparities.

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“…Cognitive tests are time consuming, their reliability is disputable. According to the previous studies, the accuracy of the tests distinguishing MCI from healthy aging ranges from 58 to 90% (Tóth et al, 2018;Müller et al, 2019;Fernández-Fleites et al, 2021;Rashedi et al, 2021). Because of the inconsistent findings clinicians cannot rely on cognitive scores as a single diagnostic modality (Statsenko et al, 2021e,f).…”

Section: Accuracy Of Unimodal Approach Cognitive Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of structure-function association in normal aging and in Alzheimer's disease: Screening for mild cognitive impairment and dementia with ML regression and classification models

Statsenko

Meribout

Habuza

et al. 2023

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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BackgroundThe combined analysis of imaging and functional modalities is supposed to improve diagnostics of neurodegenerative diseases with advanced data science techniques.ObjectiveTo get an insight into normal and accelerated brain aging by developing the machine learning models that predict individual performance in neuropsychological and cognitive tests from brain MRI. With these models we endeavor to look for patterns of brain structure-function association (SFA) indicative of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's dementia.Materials and methodsWe explored the age-related variability of cognitive and neuropsychological test scores in normal and accelerated aging and constructed regression models predicting functional performance in cognitive tests from brain radiomics data. The models were trained on the three study cohorts from ADNI dataset—cognitively normal individuals, patients with MCI or dementia—separately. We also looked for significant correlations between cortical parcellation volumes and test scores in the cohorts to investigate neuroanatomical differences in relation to cognitive status. Finally, we worked out an approach for the classification of the examinees according to the pattern of structure-function associations into the cohorts of the cognitively normal elderly and patients with MCI or dementia.ResultsIn the healthy population, the global cognitive functioning slightly changes with age. It also remains stable across the disease course in the majority of cases. In healthy adults and patients with MCI or dementia, the trendlines of performance in digit symbol substitution test and trail making test converge at the approximated point of 100 years of age. According to the SFA pattern, we distinguish three cohorts: the cognitively normal elderly, patients with MCI, and dementia. The highest accuracy is achieved with the model trained to predict the mini-mental state examination score from voxel-based morphometry data. The application of the majority voting technique to models predicting results in cognitive tests improved the classification performance up to 91.95% true positive rate for healthy participants, 86.21%—for MCI and 80.18%—for dementia cases.ConclusionThe machine learning model, when trained on the cases of this of that group, describes a disease-specific SFA pattern. The pattern serves as a “stamp” of the disease reflected by the model.

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Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Utility of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in detecting executive dysfunction in early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia

Utility of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in detecting executive dysfunction in early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia

The impact of COVID-19 post-infection on the cognition of adults from Peru

Patterns of structure-function association in normal aging and in Alzheimer's disease: Screening for mild cognitive impairment and dementia with ML regression and classification models

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