Evaluation of spatial and temporal variation in fine root dynamics in a temperate mixed forest using a scanner method

Abstract

Figure S1. Extracted image of the roots in each plot taken in August 2018. The dashed line indicates the partitioning of the image. We divided the scanner image into four areas, Uℓ (upper left), Ur (upper right), Lℓ (lower left), and Lr (lower right).

Assessment of the Impact of Recreational Activities on the Natural Environment of the Karkaraly State National Nature Park of the Republic of Kazakhstan

“…The degree of transformation depends primarily on the intensity of use. Evaluation of the impact of recreation activities on the natural environment is a worldwide concern, and there are many works devoted to this topic (Kuwabe and Ohashi, 2023;Hnaung et al, 2023). Therefore, the organization of regulated recreation is very important, it can become a means of preserving elements of the cultural landscape, large ecosystems, despite the damage caused to the natural environment by tourists and recreationists (Baloch et al, 2023;Schafft et al, 2021).…”