Evaluation of the ATB 32 A system for identification of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens

Looney, W. J.; Gallusser, A.; Modde, H

doi:10.1128/jcm.28.7.1519-1524.1990

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although these systems have written descriptions of the colors of positive and negative tests, interpretation of the results of these tests is not always clear (8). In each of the three identification systems that we tested, some of the results of the reactions were difficult to interpret.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium innocuum, and Clostridium ramosum compared with those of clinical isolates of Clostridium perfringens

Alexander¹,

Citron²,

Brazier³

et al. 1995

J Clin Microbiol

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Clostridium ramosum, C. innocuum, and C. clostridioforme are frequently isolated from clinical specimens including blood. Because of Gram stain variability, a lack of spores, and atypical colonial morphology, identification of these species is often difficult. Three anaerobe identification kits were evaluated for their abilities to identify these species. For comparison, 11 strains of C. perfringens were evaluated in parallel. By using profile numbers and codebooks, the correct genus and species were identified, as follows: with the RapID ANA II kit, 100% (20 of 20) of C. ramosum isolates, 24% (5 of 21) of C. innocuum isolates, and 50% (10 of 20) of C. clostridioforme isolates; with the AnIDent kit, 60% (12 of 20) of C. ramosum isolates, 28% (6 of 21) of C. innocuum isolates, and 90% (18 of 20) of C. clostridioforme isolates; with the ATB32A kit, 70% (14 of 20) of C. ramosum isolates, 0% (0 of 21) of C. innocuum isolates, and 40% (8 of 20) of C. clostridioforme isolates. Profile numbers that overlapped several species were obtained as follows: with the RapID ANA II kit, 0% of C. ramosum isolates, 76% of C. innocuum isolates, and 40% of C. clostridioforme isolates; with the AnIDent kit 40% of C. ramosum isolates, 62% of C. innocuum isolates, and 5% of C. clostridioforme isolates; with the ATB32A kit, 15% of C. ramosum isolates, 52% of C. innocuum isolates, and 25% of C. clostridioforme isolates. One strain of C. innocuum was misidentified by the AnIDent kit, and the remainder yielded profile numbers that were not listed in the codebooks. The MICs of 11 antimicrobial agents including penicillin G, metronidazole, clindamycin, cefoxitin, cefotetan, imipenem, meropenem, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillintazobactam, and vancomycin were determined by the agar dilution method. All C. perfringens strains were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. Various levels of resistance to cefoxitin, cefotetan, and penicillin G were noted with C. ramosum, C. clostridioforme, and C. innocuum. In addition, resistance to clindamycin was noted with C. ramosum (5%) and C. innocuum (10%). Most strains of C. innocuum were only moderately susceptible to vancomycin (MIC at which 90% of strains are inhibited, 4 g/ml).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium innocuum, and Clostridium ramosum compared with those of clinical isolates of Clostridium perfringens

Alexander¹,

Citron²,

Brazier³

et al. 1995

J Clin Microbiol

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“…In comparison with the data cited from the literature (11, 13, 15, 16), they most closely resembled P. oris or P. buccae, but these two species could not be further distinguished by common phenotypic tests. Then, an enzyme activity assay system was employed (14). As shown in Table 2 the isolates showed a very similar pattern in 29 tests, especially both /3 -N-acetylglucosaminidase and a-fucosidase activities (17), to a type strain JCM 8540T of P. oris.…”

Section: Identification Of Isolated Strainsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Role of Human IntestinalPrevotella orisin Hydrolyzing Ginseng Saponins

Hasegawa¹,

1997

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The potential of intestinal bacteria to hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol (I) was found in 79% of the fecal specimens from 58 human subjects whose age ranged from 1 to 64 years. Following a ginsenoside-Rb1-hydrolyzing activity assay, Prevotella oris strains were then isolated as a major bacterial species possessing the potential. All the intestinal isolates converted ginsenosides Rb1 and Rd to I, ginsenoside Rb2 to 20-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20(S) -protopanaxadiol (II), and ginsenoside Rc to 20-O-[alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20(S)- protopanaxadiol (III) like fecal microflora, but did not attack ginsenosides Re or Rg1 (protopanaxatriol-type). The isolates were susceptible to colimycin (MIC, 3.13 micrograms/ml) and then the treatment of specific pathogen free mice with colimycin (20 mg/kg/day) decreased intestinal bacterial Rb1-hydrolyzing potential from 22.1 +/- 1.2% to 4.7 +/- 2.7%, while the decreased potential was restored to 30.7 +/- 3.7% by the inoculation with P. oris isolates. These results suggest that the metabolism of protopanaxadiol saponins to metabolites I-III in the intestines seems most partly due to intestinal P.oris. In addition, the fact that neither intact ginsenoside Rb1 nor its middle metabolic derivatives but only the final metabolite I was detected at 1.0-7.3 micrograms/ml in blood after oral administration of mice with ginsenoside Rb1 (125 mg/kg) allows us to speculate that metabolites I-III are the most likely forms of protopanaxadiol saponins absorbed from the intestines.

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“…Marler et al (174) identified only 90 of 126 strains (72%) of GPAC to the species level; 37% of the strains of P. anaerobius were misidentified, but the incorrect tests were not detailed. Three of the four more recent evaluations (153,169,192,203) of the ATB 32A kit (now renamed Rapid ID 32 A) have reported favorably. In the largest study (192), which included a comprehensive collection of type and reference strains, Murdoch and Mitchelmore were able to place 246 of 256 clinical strains (96%) in 1 of 10 PEP groups.…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci

1998

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SUMMARY Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) are a heterogeneous group of organisms defined by their morphological appearance and their inability to grow in the presence of oxygen; most clinical isolates are identified to species in the genus Peptostreptococcus. GPAC are part of the normal flora of all mucocutaneous surfaces and are often isolated from infections such as deep organ abscesses, obstetric and gynecological sepsis, and intraoral infections. They have been little studied for several reasons, which include an inadequate classification, difficulties with laboratory identification, and the mixed nature of the infections from which they are usually isolated. Nucleic acid studies indicate that the classification is in need of radical revision at the genus level. Several species of Peptostreptococcus have recently been described, but others still await formal recognition. Identification has been based on carbohydrate fermentation tests, but most GPAC are asaccharolytic and use the products of protein degradation for their metabolism; the introduction of commercially available preformed enzyme kits affords a physiologically more appropriate method of identification, which is simple and relatively rapid and can be used in routine diagnostic laboratories. Recent reports have documented the isolation in pure culture of several species, notably Peptostreptococcus magnus, from serious infections. Studies of P. magnus have elucidated several virulence factors which correlate with the site of infection, and reveal some similarities to Staphylococcus aureus. P. micros is a strongly proteolytic species; it is increasingly recognized as an important pathogen in intraoral infections, particularly periodontitis, and mixed anaerobic deep-organ abscesses. Comparison of antibiotic susceptibility patterns reveals major differences between species. Penicillins are the antibiotics of choice, although some strains of P. anaerobius show broad-spectrum β-lactam resistance.

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Evaluation of the ATB 32 A system for identification of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium innocuum, and Clostridium ramosum compared with those of clinical isolates of Clostridium perfringens

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium innocuum, and Clostridium ramosum compared with those of clinical isolates of Clostridium perfringens

Role of Human IntestinalPrevotella orisin Hydrolyzing Ginseng Saponins

Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci

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