Evaluation of the Compression Potential of Serpentine Rock Masses of the Bou Azzer Mining District in the Central Anti-Atlas of Morocco

Driouch, Anas; Ouadif, Latifa; Lahmili, Abdelaziz; Belmi, Mohammed Amine

doi:10.1007/s42461-021-00517-5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The quality of the rock mass in the local context of the cobalt mining area at Bou Azzer East is characterized by a serpentine footwall with a low compressive strength of 29 MPa, with a very poor geomechanical quality according to the Q-system and RMR classification. The methodology developed by [33] shows that the serpentine rock mass in the ore mining area is between the depth of 540 and 570 m under the conditions of squeezing grounds. Therefore a dioritic hangingwall has a good geomechanical quality, with a compressive strength of 153 MPa.…”

Section: Sequence Under the Cemented Backfillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical modeling of the method for mining cobalt deposits at the Bou Azzer Mine, Morocco

Driouch¹,

Ouadif²,

Lahmili³

et al. 2023

Min. miner. depos.

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Purpose. The Bou Azzer Mine encounters difficulties during cobalt mining. In order to select the optimal mining sequence with the least geotechnical stability problems, one possible variant is the cut and backfill mining method used in the Bou Azzer East area at a depth of 540 m. Methods. This paper presents a methodology for selecting a sequence of the cut and backfill mining method using 2D geotechnical numerical modeling, taking into account the morphological characteristics, geomechanical properties of the ore and the surrounding rocks. Findings. The sequences of mining with rock backfill and rock-cemented backfill show that the high principal stress (Sigma 1) is in the range of 10-153 MPa, and the safety factors are in the range of 0.63-1.89. Therefore, mining sequences with cemented backfill and under cemented backfill have a principal stress (Sigma 1) in the range of 10-112 MPa and acceptable safety factors. Originality. In this study, the bottom-up mining sequence with a cemented backfill is proposed for the case of low-quality serpentine footwall. This mining sequence aims to achieve good cobalt mine production and provides a safe environment for miners. Practical implications. In the mining industry, the choice of mining method using 2D or 3D geotechnical numerical mo-deling is important to ensure the safest and most operational mining sequence in the mine lifetime.

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Section: Sequence Under the Cemented Backfillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical modeling of the method for mining cobalt deposits at the Bou Azzer Mine, Morocco

Driouch¹,

Ouadif²,

Lahmili³

et al. 2023

Min. miner. depos.

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“…In order to ensure optimal safety against landslides and large rock falls, it is necessary to carry out risk mapping and identify unstable areas [1], and then proceed to treatment by zones; each zone represents a specific case that needs to be reinforced (nailing, shotcrete, dynamic barrier, rockfall netting hanging, tie rods, ...). A meticulous analysis of the rock mass characteristics helps to better understand the rock behaviour [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers around the world have directed their researches in this way in order to find an ideal correlation for characterizing rock masses and assessing the underground stability, in particular the RMR: Rock Mass Rating [4] and the Q-system [5]. Furthermore, correlations between these parameters have been made [6] and some adjustments have been developed to allow the classification to be applied to rock slopes. Of these, in particular, the Slope Masse Rating (SMR) [7], the Chinese slope mass rating (CSMR) based on SMR [8], SMR continuous slope mass rating [9], representing continuous functions of the factors included in the constitution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wedge stability analysis in fractured soft rock slopes for different orientations of seismic components

Bennouna,

Ouadif,

Akhssas

et al. 2024

Min. miner. depos.

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Purpose. This paper focuses on the case of a rock slope in the Ouarzazate region in order to conduct a sensitive analysis to study the influence of seismic action orientations on wedge stability. Methods. To examine the wedge stability, a probabilistic approach related to the Monte Carlo method has been used. Firstly, the characteristics of joint families: orientations and fillings are analysed. Then, the influence of the seismic action on the rock slope stability for the most sensitive plunges is studied using the equations developed by J. Bray (1981). These equations make it possible to ultimately determine the safety factor for predicting the stability of the wedge. Findings. In this study, the ranges of values of the seismic action orientations leading to the rock wedge failure have been identified. Especially around the 284° trend, the minimum of the safety factor values have been obtain for different analyzed plunges. This means that the occurrence of an earthquake oriented at 284° and lateral to the slope disposition, oriented at 260°, gives rise to a risk of a slope failure. Originality. This study of rock slope stability made it possible to find the minimum safety factor values depending on the orientation of the seismic action by examining its sensitivity to all possible orientations: combinations of plunges and trends. Practical implications. This analysis makes it possible to find, whatever the orientation of the seismic action, the safety factor corresponding to the stability of the rock slope. Thus, a decision can be made on the appropriate reinforcement to ensure the rock slope stability, taking into account the case of the most unfavourable seismic action orientation found in this analysis.

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“…Scholars have carried out compression [11][12][13], tension [14], and fracture [15,16] experiments that reveal the mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of various types of rocks under dynamic loading conditions. Jiang et al [17] studied the impact of small-amplitude cyclic dynamic perturbation on soft rock-coal dual materials, detected the acoustic emission characteristic parameters of the sample during the loading process, and analyzed its main frequency characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Characteristics of Failure and Energy Evolution of Different Moisture-Containing Soft Rocks under Cyclic Disturbance Loading

Cao,

Tang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Materials

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During the coal mining process in soft rock mines with abundant water, the rock mass undergoes cyclic loading and unloading at low frequencies due to factors such as excavation. To investigate the mechanical characteristics and energy evolution laws of different water-containing rock masses under cyclic disturbance loading, a creep dynamic disturbance impact loading system was employed to conduct cyclic disturbance experiments on various water-containing soft rocks (0.00%, 1.74%, 3.48%, 5.21%, 6.95%, and 8.69%). A comparative analysis was conducted on the patterns of input energy density, elastic energy density, dissipated energy density, and damage variables of different water-containing soft rocks during the disturbance process. The results indicate that under the influence of disturbance loading, the peak strength of specimens, except for fully saturated samples, is generally increased to varying degrees. Weakness effects on the elastic modulus were observed in samples with 6.95% water content and saturated samples, while strengthening effects were observed in others. The input energy density of samples is mostly stored in the form of elastic strain energy within the samples, and different water-containing samples adapt to external loads within the first 100 cycles, with almost identical trends in energy indicators. Damage variables during the disturbance process were calculated using the maximum strain method, revealing the evolution of damage in the samples. From an energy evolution perspective, these experimental results elucidate the fatigue damage characteristics of water-containing rock masses under the influence of disturbance loading.

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Evaluation of the Compression Potential of Serpentine Rock Masses of the Bou Azzer Mining District in the Central Anti-Atlas of Morocco

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Geotechnical modeling of the method for mining cobalt deposits at the Bou Azzer Mine, Morocco

Geotechnical modeling of the method for mining cobalt deposits at the Bou Azzer Mine, Morocco

Wedge stability analysis in fractured soft rock slopes for different orientations of seismic components

Study on Characteristics of Failure and Energy Evolution of Different Moisture-Containing Soft Rocks under Cyclic Disturbance Loading

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