Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of benchmark multi-walled carbon nanotubes in relation to their physicochemical properties

Louro, Henriqueta; Pinhão, Mariana; Santos, Joana; Tavares, Ana; Vital, Nádia; Silva, Maria João

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.09.016

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…According to the expected exposure route, all the in vitro studies used lung cells such as A549 and BEAS-2B cells. In a study using both cell lines and two different MWCNT (NM401 and NM402) positive MN induction was detected in A549 cells when exposed to the selected MWCNTs; however, negative effects were observed in the BEAS-2B cells [62]. Our results show a positive MN induction when using the FCMN assay, although without a clear dose-response relationship.…”

Section: Fcmn Assay Cbmn Assaymentioning

confidence: 45%

Micronuclei Detection by Flow Cytometry as a High-Throughput Approach for the Genotoxicity Testing of Nanomaterials

et al. 2019

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Thousands of nanomaterials (NMs)-containing products are currently under development or incorporated in the consumer market, despite our very limited understanding of their genotoxic potential. Taking into account that the toxicity and genotoxicity of NMs strongly depend on their physicochemical characteristics, many variables must be considered in the safety evaluation of each given NM. In this scenario, the challenge is to establish high-throughput methodologies able to generate rapid and robust genotoxicity data that can be used to critically assess and/or predict the biological effects associated with those NMs being under development or already present in the market. In this study, we have evaluated the advantages of using a flow cytometry-based approach testing micronucleus (MNs) induction (FCMN assay). In the frame of the EU NANoREG project, we have tested six different NMs—namely NM100 and NM101 (TiO2NPs), NM110 (ZnONPs), NM212 (CeO2NPs), NM300K (AgNPs) and NM401 (multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)). The obtained results confirm the ability of AgNPs and MWCNTs to induce MN in the human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cell line, whereas the other tested NMs retrieved non-significant increases in the MN frequency. Based on the alignment of the results with the data reported in the literature and the performance of the FCMN assay, we strongly recommend this assay as a reference method to systematically evaluate the potential genotoxicity of NMs.

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Section: Fcmn Assay Cbmn Assaymentioning

confidence: 45%

Micronuclei Detection by Flow Cytometry as a High-Throughput Approach for the Genotoxicity Testing of Nanomaterials

et al. 2019

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“…In fact, a more recent study showed that SWCNT and MWCNT caused a low level of DNA damage on mesothelial cells as assessed by the comet assay, in some cases only at relatively high doses (48-hr exposure to 80 mg/cm 2 ), and little or no effect was observed on bronchial epithelial cells. This discrepancy was explained by the different size-distribution of MWCNT in the cell culture medium, rather than by the cell line specificities (Louro et al, 2016). These observations suggest that mesothelial cells are more sensitive to the CNT-associated DNA damaging effects than bronchial epithelial cells.…”

Section: Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, discrepant results were observed in the two cell lines: cytotoxic effects were detected only in A549 cells with the IC 50 values varying from approximately 8 to 61 mg/cm 2 and the two longest MWCNT significantly raised the micronucleus frequency in A549 cells at the highest tested concentrations (64 and 128 mg/ cm 2 ), whereas in BEAS-2B cells negative results were obtained for all MWCNT. This discrepancy was explained by the different size-distribution of MWCNT in the cell culture medium, rather than by the cell line specificities (Louro et al, 2016). In another study, the rigid MWCNT-7 (2.5 and 15 mg/ml) was able to induce micronuclei formation in human lymphocytes exposed ex vivo, supporting the chromosome damaging effect of some MWCNT with the potential to mediate a tumorigenic effect in humans (Tavares et al, 2014).…”

Section: Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Conventional and novel “omics”‐based approaches to the study of carbon nanotubes pulmonary toxicity

Ventura

Uva

Lavinha

et al. 2018

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The widespread application of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on industrial, biomedical, and consumer products can represent an emerging respiratory occupational hazard. Particularly, their similarity with the fiber-like shape of asbestos have raised a strong concern about their carcinogenic potential. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have been supporting this view by pointing to immunotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of some CNT that may conduct to pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and bronchioloalveolar hyperplasia in rodents. Recently, high throughput molecular methodologies have been applied to obtain more insightful information on CNT toxicity, through the identification of the affected biological and molecular pathways. Toxicogenomic approaches are expected to identify unique gene expression profiles that, besides providing mechanistic information and guiding new research, have also the potential to be used as biomarkers for biomonitoring purposes. In this review, the potential of genomic data analysis is illustrated by gene network and gene ontology enrichment analysis of a set of 41 differentially expressed genes selected from a literature search focused on studies of C57BL/6 mice exposed to the multiwalled CNT Mitsui-7. The majority of the biological processes annotated in the network are regulatory processes and the molecular functions are related to receptor-binding signalling. Accordingly, the network-annotated pathways are cell receptor-induced pathways. A single enriched molecular function and one biological process were identified. The relevance of specific epigenomic effects triggered by CNT exposure, for example, alteration of the miRNA expression profile is also discussed in light of its use as biomarkers in occupational health studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:334-362, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS‐2B) was kindly provided by Dr. Baoxin Bai of Shanghai East Hospital, China. They are the two mostly used lung cell models in literature (Louro et al, ; Strauch, Niemand, Winkelbeiner, & Hartwig, ) and similar in many aspects, but they have differences in phenotype and proliferation. A549 is a cancer cell belongs to type II lung epithelial cells and can differentiate to other lung cells, while BEAS‐2B is a non‐cancer cell.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When conducting toxicological assessments on lungs, many cell types could be used, though they have differences in phenotypes, morphologies, proliferation rates, mRNA and protein expressions, antioxidant capacities, pro‐inflammatory states, and cell cycle distributions (Lujan, Criscitiello, Hering, & Sayes, ). Here, both human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS‐2B were used, for they are the two mostly used lung cell models in literature (Louro et al, ; Strauch, Niemand, Winkelbeiner, & Hartwig, ). A549 cells maintain many morphological and biochemical characteristics of pneumocytes type II (Lieber, Smith, Szakal, Nelson‐Rees, & Todaro, ) and BEAS‐2B cells are targets of inhalation and play an important role in the maintenance of mucosal integrity as mechanical barriers against various particulate (Takizawa, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity of vanadium oxide nanoparticles and titanium dioxide‐coated vanadium oxide nanoparticles to human lung cells

Tang

Liu

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

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Due to excellent metal-insulator transition property, vanadium dioxide nanoparticles (VO 2 NPs)-based nanomaterials are extensively studied and applied in various fields, and thus draw safety concerns of VO 2 NPs exposure through various routes. Herein, the cytotoxicity of VO 2 NPs (N-VO 2 ) and titanium dioxide-coated VO 2 NPs (T-VO 2 ) to typical human lung cell lines (A549 and BEAS-2B) was studied by using a series of biological assays. It was found that both VO 2 NPs induced a dose-dependent cytotoxicity, and the two cell lines displayed similar sensitivity to VO 2 NPs. Under the same conditions, T-VO 2 NPs showed slightly lower cytotoxicity than N-VO 2 in both cells, indicating the surface coating of titanium dioxide mitigated the toxicity of VO 2 NPs. Titanium dioxide coating changed the surface property of VO 2 NPs and reduced the vanadium release of particles, and thus helped lowing the toxicity of VO 2 NPs. The induced cell viability loss was attributed to apoptosis and proliferation inhibition, which were supported by the assays of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane damage, caspase-3 level, and cell cycle arrest. The oxidative stress, i.e., enhanced reactive oxygen species generation and suppressed reduced glutathione , in A549 and BEAS-2B cells was one of the major mechanisms of the cytotoxicity of VO 2 NPs. These findings provide safety guidance for the practical applications of vanadium dioxide-based materials.

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Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of benchmark multi-walled carbon nanotubes in relation to their physicochemical properties

Cited by 44 publications

References 45 publications

Micronuclei Detection by Flow Cytometry as a High-Throughput Approach for the Genotoxicity Testing of Nanomaterials

Micronuclei Detection by Flow Cytometry as a High-Throughput Approach for the Genotoxicity Testing of Nanomaterials

Conventional and novel “omics”‐based approaches to the study of carbon nanotubes pulmonary toxicity

Cytotoxicity of vanadium oxide nanoparticles and titanium dioxide‐coated vanadium oxide nanoparticles to human lung cells

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