Evaluation of the diuretic potentials of naringenin in hypercholesterolemic rats

Abstract

Purpose:To investigate the diuretic potentials of naringenin (NGN) in obesity induced in rats by high fat diet (HFD). Methods: To prepare HFD, normal pellet diet was crushed and thoroughly mixed with cholesterol powder (1 % w/w). The mixture was mixed with some water and made into pellets which were then oven-baked to dry. Four groups of male Wistar albino rats (n = 6) were used for the study. Normal control (group I) received normal pellet diet. Group 2 (HFD-only) was fed HFD for 28 days, while Groups 3 and 4 were co-administered HFD and NGN at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. All treatments were given orally, and lasted for 28 days. Twenty-four hours after the last dose of NGN, blood was collected from all rats and total cholesterol levels determined to confirm obesity. Thereafter, the rats were placed in metabolic cages and urine samples were collected at two time-points (5 and 24 h) for measurement of urine volume, urinary pH, conductivity and electrolyte levels (Na, K and Cl). Results: Treatment with HFD resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum cholesterol level (178.83 ± 5.43 mg/dL) when compared to normal control rats (88.17 ± 4.04 mg/dL). It also led to decrease in urinary volume (~50 %) at both time points (5 and 24 h) and in excretion of urinary electrolytes (sodium, potassium and chloride ions). However, the changes in these parameters were significantly reversed by NGN administration (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrate the diuretic activity of NGN in HFD-induced obese rats. Thus, NGN can be further explored for use in combination with hypolipidemic agents to tackle obesity. This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest

Hypotensive, vaso-relaxant, cardio-depressant and diuretic effect of crude extract of <i>Crotalaria burhia</i> (Fabaceae)

“…Crotalaria burhia crude extract caused a dose-dependent increase in urinary output and urinary electrolyte excretion. Urinary electrolytes and their ratios are very important for the determination of diuretic mechanism of test materials [22]. The high Na + /K + ratio in urine suggests both potassium sparing and natriuretic effects.…”

“…gives a basis for carbonic anhydrase activity, whose value below 0.8 indicates carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity [22,23].…”