Evaluation of the microstructure, optical properties and hopping conduction mechanism of rare earth doped Ba_0.85Ca_0.12RE_0.03Ti_0.90Zr_0.04Nb_0.042O₃ ceramics (RE = Ce³⁺ and Pr³⁺)

Abstract

This work examines the impact of rare earth (RE3+) ion substitution on the structural, optical and conduction properties of a Ba0.85Ca0.12RE0.03Ti0.90Zr0.04Nb0.042O3 (BCRETZN) (RE = Ce, Pr) ceramic compound produced via a solid-state route.