Evaluation of the Physical, Chemical and Thermal Properties of Portuguese Maritime Pine Biomass

Viana, Hélder; Rodrigues, Abel; Godina, Radu; Matias, João C. O.; Nunes, Leonel J. R.

doi:10.3390/su10082877

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Biomass is the totality of organic matter, of plant or animal origin, and the materials that come from its natural or artificial transformation [21]. Directive 2009/28/EC encourages the use of renewable sources for the production of energy and proposes a definition of biomass which includes not only substances of plant and animal origin but also any type of biological waste from agricultural, industrial, and municipal activities [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut Shell for Energy: Properties and Its Potential to Respect the Environment

et al. 2018

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The peanut (Arachys hypogaea) is a plant of the Fabaceae family (legumes), as are chickpeas, lentils, beans, and peas. It is originally from South America and is used mainly for culinary purposes, in confectionery products, or as a nut as well as for the production of biscuits, breads, sweets, cereals, and salads. Also, due to its high percentage of fat, peanuts are used for industrialized products such as oils, flours, inks, creams, lipsticks, etc. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) statistical yearbook in 2016, the production of peanuts was 43,982,066 t, produced in 27,660,802 hectares. Peanuts are grown mainly in Asia, with a global production rate of 65.3%, followed by Africa with 26.2%, the Americas with 8.4%, and Oceania with 0.1%. The peanut industry is one of the main generators of agroindustrial waste (shells). This residual biomass (25–30% of the total weight) has a high energy content that is worth exploring. The main objectives of this study are, firstly, to evaluate the energy parameters of peanut shells as a possible solid biofuel applied as an energy source in residential and industrial heating installations. Secondly, different models are analysed to estimate the higher heating value (HHV) for biomass proposed by different scientists and to determine which most accurately fits the determination of this value for peanut shells. Thirdly, we evaluate the reduction in global CO2 emissions that would result from the use of peanut shells as biofuel. The obtained HHV of peanut shells (18.547 MJ/kg) is higher than other biomass sources evaluated, such as olive stones (17.884 MJ/kg) or almond shells (18.200 MJ/kg), and similar to other sources of biomass used at present for home and industrial heating applications. Different prediction models of the HHV value proposed by scientists for different types of biomass have been analysed and the one that best fits the calculation for the peanut shell has been determined. The CO2 reduction that would result from the use of peanut shells as an energy source has been evaluated in all production countries, obtaining values above 0.5 ‰ of their total emissions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut Shell for Energy: Properties and Its Potential to Respect the Environment

et al. 2018

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“…These values are higher than those found by other authors in different biomasses [24,[46][47][48]50]. Some studies have shown that the leaves of the species studied have the highest percentages of nitrogen and sulphur in relation to the biomass fraction [30,60]. Another reference [51] gave the N weight percentage as 1.55%, and in [48], the N amount was shown to be 1.9% in different types of coal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…These results show that the residue of E. globulus is a fuel with easier ignition [59]. In Filipe dos Santos et al [60], values of around 18% of FC were obtained for the branches and needles of maritime pine. In relation to the timber fraction, Arteaga-Pérez et al [50] found values of 15.26 and 16.20% for the FC of timber of P. radiata and E. globulus, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Sustainable Renewable Energy by Means of Using Residual Forest Biomass

Mateos

Ormaetxea

2018

Energies

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The substitution of energy based on fossil fuel by bioenergy could be an effective solution to reduce external energy dependency, thereby promoting sustainable development. This article details a study of the use of biomass residues produced in the forestry sector as a consequence of field operations of the two predominant forest species (Pinus radiata D. Don and Ecualyptus globulus Labill) of Biscay (Spain). The potential of forest residues is estimated to be 66,600 dry Mg year − 1 . These residues would provide 1307 TJ year − 1 . Energy parameters, ultimate and proximate analyses, and the level of emissions of the forest residues are performed in order to estimate their characteristics as fuel. The research done has shown very similar values in terms of the net calorific value of the residues of P. radiata (19.45 MJ kg − 1 ) and E. globulus (19.48 MJ kg − 1 ). The determined emission factors indicate a reduction in gas emissions: CO (23–25%), CO 2 (22–25%), SO 2 (87–91%) and dust (11–38%) and an increase of 11–37% in NO x compared to hard coal. Estimation of the emission factors of the residual biomass allows the environmental impacts, that are potentially produced by biofuel, to be estimated.

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“…The evaluation of the suitability of feedstocks for the production of pellets requires an evaluation of the chemical and physical parameters affecting biofuel quality, which can largely vary between different tree species [2,3,[10][11][12][13][14] and are also influenced by location, age, genetics, and the section of the tree [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bioenergetic Potential of Four Oak Species from Northeastern Mexico

Núñez-Retana

Wehenkel

Vega-Nieva

et al. 2019

Forests

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Lack of knowledge regarding the fuel quality of diverse tree species prevents their use. Furthermore, the potential use of wood with the bark of different tree species for pellet production is still relatively unexplored in the scientific literature. In Mexico, the sawdust of Quercus genus (oak) is underutilized, despite it being an important forest resource, due to some anatomical and technological characteristics. The sawdust of Quercus with bark is also considered to have a low economic value. The objective of this study was to analyze the energy characteristics of barked and debarked Quercus sideroxyla, Q. rugosa, Q. laeta, and Q. conzattii in order to evaluate their potential for pellet production. Granulometric distribution, bulk density, proximal analysis, and calorific value tests were carried out. The sawdust of the four tree species studied was in accordance with the limits established by the standard EN 14961-2. Sawdust with a particle size of 0.425 mm had the highest percentage of retained mass (30.33%) (p < 0.05) in the granulometry test. There were no statistical differences in granulometry (p > 0.05) between barked and debarked sawdust for all Quercus species. Barked sawdust presented higher bulk density (p < 0.05) than debarked sawdust (246 and 224 kg/m3, respectively). The moisture content did not show statistical differences (p > 0.05) between barked and debarked sawdust. The volatile material was higher (p < 0.05) in debarked sawdust (88.7%) than in barked sawdust (85.0%). The ash content was below 0.5%. The fixed carbon was higher (p < 0.05) in barked sawdust (14.6%). The calorific value was higher (p < 0.05) in barked sawdust and for the Q. rugosa species (19.5 MJ/kg). The results suggest that the oak species analyzed, both barked and debarked, showed good potential for pellet production. Future studies should quantify fuel quality for a variety of diameter distributions, and analyze pellet mechanical properties and ash slagging risk.

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Evaluation of the Physical, Chemical and Thermal Properties of Portuguese Maritime Pine Biomass

Cited by 38 publications

References 61 publications

Peanut Shell for Energy: Properties and Its Potential to Respect the Environment

Peanut Shell for Energy: Properties and Its Potential to Respect the Environment

Sustainable Renewable Energy by Means of Using Residual Forest Biomass

The Bioenergetic Potential of Four Oak Species from Northeastern Mexico

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