Evaluation on Short-Term Therapeutic Effect of 2 Porphyrin Photosensitizer-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Esophageal Cancer

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze and study the short-term therapeutic effects and main adverse effects of 2 Porphyrin photosensitizer-mediated photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer. Methods: We apply the hematoporphyrin derivative and hematoporphyrin injection produced by different manufacturers at different periods as photosensitizers in therapy of 79 esophageal cancer cases, with the administration dosage of 5 mg/kg and intravenous drip 24 hours before irradiation. We apply the gold vapor laser and semiconductor laser, respectively, as treatment light source, with the power density of 100 to 300 mW/cm2 and energy density of 100 to 300 J/cm2. After treatment for 1 to 4 sessions, we evaluate the short-term therapeutic effects as complete response, partial response, minor response, or no change, and then make comparative study on therapeutic effects and adverse effects. Results: There were 47 patients in hematoporphyrin derivative group, including 3 (6.4%) patients with complete response, 31 (66.0%) patients with partial response, 10 (21.3%) patients with minor response, and 3 (6.4%) patients with no change. The dysphagia score was reduced from 2.53 (1.16) before treatment to 1.32 (1.20; P < .01) after treatment. There were 32 patients in the hematoporphyrin injection group, including 3 (9.4%) patients with complete response, 19 (59.4%) patients with partial response, 6 (18.8%) patients with minor response, and 4 (12.5%) patients with no change. The dysphagia score was reduced from 2.41 (1.13) before treatment to 1.18 (0.99; P < .01) after treatment. The dysphagia scores of 2 groups after treatment were significantly reduced compared to those before treatment. Both groups did not display serious adverse effect. Conclusions: Two porphyrin photosensitizers in treatment of esophageal cancer at different clinical stages all had good effect with similar therapeutic effect, mild adverse effect, and good tolerance, which implies it is a preferable palliative therapy means.

Optical properties of photodynamic therapy drugs in different environments: the paradigmatic case of temoporfin

“…15 Subsequently, the action of 1 O 2 will induce the oxidative stress responsible for cell death. 16 PDT has proven efficient in the treatment of a variety of diseases, including psoriasis 17 as well as certain types of cancer, 18 such as esophageal 19 and cervical, 20 greatly limiting the side-effect of conventional therapy due to the spatial-selectivity of irradiation. 21,22 There are several requirements that should be met by PDT agents to increase their efficiency and guarantee their therapeutic effects.…”

Hematoporphyrin binding sites on human serum albumin

“…PDT has been approved to treat patients with variety of early stages of precancerous lesions and cancers of lungs, esophagus (including Barrett's esophagus), rectum and colon, breast, skin, head and neck, urinary bladder, female reproductive tract and pancreas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. PDT may also be applied in the palliative care of cancers in the above-mentioned locations.…”

“…Clinical outcomes of PDT may remain suboptimal, either insufficient or excessive, and depend on local photosensitizer concentration in the target tissue, local tissue oxygenation and local light fluence [1]. PDT has good tolerance and mild adverse effects, minimizes the risk of complications, improves quality of life and should be considered as an effective alternative treatment [2,3,5,6]. However, PDT is still not considered in some guidelines due to the large variety of PDT parameters, including photosensitizer concentration and dosage of light [3].…”

“…Hp has good efficacy and a low recurrence rate [14]. In accordance with the general rule of systemic injection of a photosensitizer in PDT, Hp is administered intravenously [6,15].…”

Optical Properties of Photodynamic Therapy Drugs in Different Environments: The Paradigmatic Case of Temoporfin

“…15 Subsequently, the action of 1 O2 will induce the oxidative stress responsible for cell death. 16 PDT has proven efficient in the treatment of a variety of diseases, including psoriasis 17 as well as certain types of cancer, 18 such as esophageal 19 and cervical, 20 greatly limiting the side-effect of conventional therapy due to the spatial-selectivity of irradiation. 21,22 There are several requirements that should be met by PDT agents to increase their efficiency and guarantee their therapeutic effects.…”