Evaluation the Non enzymatic antioxidants in patients with β-thalassemia major among Iraqi patients

Abstract

Background: β-thalassemia major (β-TM) is a major health problem in the world that forces patients to repeat blood transfusions. Frequent blood transfusions cause toxic iron overload. The association between serum iron levels and β-thalassemia major has been studied extensively in the literature. Several studies have evaluated the oxidant and antioxidant statuses of thalassemia patients. However, most studies have focused mainly on the enzymatic antioxidant and intermediate states and thus few data are available for non-enzymatic antioxidant like Coenzyme Q10. aim of study: To evaluate the concentration of some non- enzymatic antioxidant measurements like Coenzyme Q10, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, uric acid, and bilirubin in the plasma of patients who suffered from beta – thalassemia major. Patients and Methods: Case- control study designed includes 90 participating (60 β-TM patients and 30 subjects as control groups). The age range of patients and control group was (15 - 40 years). This study was conducted in Teaching Baghdad Hospital - Baghdad and Al-Karama Hospital during the period from December 2022 to March 2023. Results: The mean of serum Coenzyme Q10 was (3.55 ± 1.62 and 2.02 ± 0.88 ng/ml) in β-TM patients and control group respectively. The results reveled that the mean of vitamin C was (6.85 ± 3.0 and 12.23 ± 2.99 ng/ml) in β-TM and control group respectively. Also, the results shows that the mean of Vitamin E was (2.29 ± 1.69 and 7.25 ± 2.79 ng/ml) in β-TM patients and control respectively. Also, the results reveled that mean of uric acid was (3.62 ± 1.34 and 3.86 ± 1.48 mg/dl) in β-TM patients and control group respectively. The level of bilirubin was (1.99 ± 1.25 and 0.65 ± 0.6 mg/dl) in patients and control group respectively. Also, the result shows there was a significant correlation between Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin C ((r=0.280, p=0.030) and non-significant correlation between Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin E (r=0.084, p=0.522). Conclusion: This study shows there were lower antioxidant capacities as demonstrated by the results in patients with β-TM patients in comparison with control group.