Even-Aged vs. Uneven-Aged Silviculture: Implications for Multifunctional Management of Southern Pine Ecosystems

Sharma, Ajay; Bohn, Kimberly K.; Jose, Shibu; Dwivedi, Puneet

doi:10.3390/f7040086

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our results show that CCF has the potential to deliver ecosystem services and maintain biodiversity in commercial forests better than conventional RFM. In general, the results of this study are in line with previous research (Pukkala, 2016a;Shanin et al, 2016;Sharma et al, 2016). However, CCF was not better than RFM in terms of all ecosystem services or biodiversity indicators.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In general, our multifunctionality results indicate that CCF has greater potential than RFM to simultaneously produce multiple benefits in forests, which supports earlier findings (Pukkala 2016a;Sharma et al 2016). With a moderate demand level for services (threshold value 40%), CCF simultaneously provided services from all categories when RFM provided services only from three categories.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Even though there is evidence that CCF is better than RFM for several forest purposes (Pukkala, 2016a), their relative performance of ecosystem service provisions and of biodiversity is not well known when compared with unmanaged forests (but see Pukkala, 2016b;Sharma et al, 2016). Even if there is a seemingly large difference between the two silvicultural alternatives, they may both appear equally poor relative to forests in a more natural state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous cover forestry is a cost-efficient tool to increase multifunctionality of boreal production forests in Fennoscandia

Peura

Burgas

Eyvindson

et al. 2018

Biological Conservation

127

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Earlier research has suggested that the diversification of silvicultural strategies is a cost-efficient tool to ensure multifunctionality in production forests. This study compared the effects of continuous cover forestry and conventional rotation forestry on ecosystem services and biodiversity in boreal forests in Finland. We simulated over 25,000 commercial forest stands for 100 years under continuous cover and rotation forest management. Forests without management were used as a reference. We compared the effects of silvicultural practices over space and time on ecosystem services, biodiversity indicators and multifunctionality. Our results revealed that continuous cover forestry was better than rotation forest management in terms of timber net present value, carbon sequestration, bilberry production, scenic beauty and the number of large trees. It provided higher habitat availability for indicator species dependent on deciduous trees and mature forest structure. Rotation forest management was better than continuous cover forestry in terms of harvested tree biomass, cowberries, mushrooms, and species dependent on high tree volume. In general, multifunctionality was higher in continuous cover forests than in rotation forest. Therefore, continuous cover forests may have a greater potential to produce simultaneously multiple benefits from forests. However, unmanaged forests often provided the highest levels of services and biodiversity making their role indispensable in delivering forest related ecosystem services and, especially, in the maintenance of biodiversity. Continuous cover forestry does not itself guarantee the maintenance of all ecosystem services and biodiversity in commercial forests but it can be an important part of a successful progression towards more sustainable forestry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Continuous cover forestry is a cost-efficient tool to increase multifunctionality of boreal production forests in Fennoscandia

Peura

Burgas

Eyvindson

et al. 2018

Biological Conservation

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This fact may also lead to a continuum at the landscape level, which also makes it more difficult to fight forest fires. Uneven-aged stands allow a greater diversity at the stand level [162] but may create less diversity at the landscape level.…”

Section: Landscape Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impacts on Pinus pinea L. Silvicultural System for Cone Production and Ways to Contour Those Impacts: A Review Complemented with Data from Permanent Plots

Freire¹,

Rodrigues

Tomé

2019

Forests

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Umbrella pine (Pinus pinea L.) cones take three years to develop. With the increasing frequency of extreme droughts, water available for trees has decreased—climate change is a reality. The cone’s survival in its first two years of development and the average cone weight during its last year of maturation is affected, thus, reducing kernel quantity and quality. Climate change has resulted in forest fires becoming an inescapable issue in forest management planning. A literature review was carried out, focusing, on one hand, the predicted climatic changes for the Mediterranean basin and, on the other hand, the umbrella pine silvicultural mechanisms at tree, stand, and landscape levels that may help to face these constraints. Finally, the Portuguese case was focused, describing the management practices that are being adopted to achieve, even when the period of cone formation and growth include dry years, one to six tons of cones per hectare per year in adult stands.

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“…As a shade-intolerant species, slash pine occurs primarily in natural wet and hydric flatwoods sites with species-rich understory and contributes to the habitat of a large variety of faunal species [20,21]. While slash pine is currently managed for timber production in intensive plantations, uneven-aged management of complex slash pine flatwoods ecosystems may offer an alternative to meet diverse objectives including timber production, biodiversity enhancement, habitat conservation, recreation, and carbon sequestration [22]. However, our experience with natural regeneration-dependent uneven-aged silviculture in slash pine is very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed Burn Effects on Natural Regeneration in Pine Flatwoods: Implications for Uneven-Aged Stand Conversion from a Florida Study

Sharma

Brethauer

McKeithen

et al. 2020

Forests

Self Cite

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Uneven-aged silvicultural approaches are increasingly utilized as efficient management strategies for economic and ecological sustainability of forest resources, including in the southeastern United States where there is interest in converting intensively managed pine plantations to uneven-aged stands. However, success of stand conversion and perpetuation of an uneven-aged forest stand depends on obtaining adequate regeneration of the desired species and its ability to develop into merchantable size classes. In fire-maintained ecosystems, regeneration dynamics can be challenging for species such as slash pine that are not tolerant of fire in the seedling stage. In this study, we examined the survival of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englm.) regeneration (seedlings and saplings) following prescribed burns in (1) a harvest-created gap (0.4 ha; 70 m diameter) and (2) a mature stand with abundant advanced regeneration at two mesic-hydric flatwoods sites in northwest Florida, USA. We characterized the prescribed burns at the two sites and quantified survival of regeneration of different size classes (<1 m, 1–2 m, 2–3 m, >3 m) at 10 months after the burn. Within the gap, the greatest survival of regeneration was observed at the center (12.5% survival) in comparison to the other positions in the gap (1.92% to 7.14% survival), with all seedlings <3m height killed by the burn. In the stand with advance regeneration, survival ranged between 0% and 50% at different positions, with all regeneration smaller than 2 m killed by fire. Overall, we observed 6.36% and 23.2% survival in the harvest-created gap and the stand with advance regeneration, respectively. Despite these low percent survival values, post-burn slash pine regeneration (seedlings/saplings) density equaled 725 and 4800 per hectare, respectively. Our modeling projections suggest that this level of post-burn regeneration density may be adequate for stand conversion and sustainable uneven-aged silvicultural management of slash pine. These results suggest that seedling size is the preeminent control on slash pine survival after prescribed burn. However, long-term monitoring of stand dynamics following future prescribed burns and cutting cycle harvests will help confirm if slash pine can be sustainably managed using uneven-aged silviculture.

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Even-Aged vs. Uneven-Aged Silviculture: Implications for Multifunctional Management of Southern Pine Ecosystems

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Continuous cover forestry is a cost-efficient tool to increase multifunctionality of boreal production forests in Fennoscandia

Continuous cover forestry is a cost-efficient tool to increase multifunctionality of boreal production forests in Fennoscandia

Climate Change Impacts on Pinus pinea L. Silvicultural System for Cone Production and Ways to Contour Those Impacts: A Review Complemented with Data from Permanent Plots

Prescribed Burn Effects on Natural Regeneration in Pine Flatwoods: Implications for Uneven-Aged Stand Conversion from a Florida Study

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