Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline: Comprehensive Pediatric Eye and Vision Examination

Association, American Optometric

doi:10.37685/uiwlibraries.2575-7717.2.2.1007

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 226 publications

(213 reference statements)

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“…However, this has not yet resulted in a higher proportion of younger children receiving an eye examination. A substantial change is needed to reach the CAO 22 and AOA 1 Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines on Paediatric Eye and Vision Examination. Further investigation is needed to determine why a change in optometrists' attitude and preparedness has not translated into children presenting for their first eye examination at an earlier age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further investigation is needed to determine why a change in optometrists' attitude and preparedness has not translated into children presenting for their first eye examination at an earlier age. Understanding and tackling these factors and encouraging parents to bring their child to an optometrist starting at the CAO and AOA recommended age of 6-9 months 1,23 would likely result in more children being diagnosed and treated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing paediatric optometric vision care in Canada over a 14‐year period

Christian,

Opoku‐Yamoah,

Rose

et al. 2024

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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PurposeIn Canada, teaching in paediatric eye care has increased in the past decade both within the optometry curriculum and as continuing education to optometrists. Paediatric vision care guidelines have also been established by North American optometric associations. This study examined whether this exposure was associated with changes in paediatric eye care in Canada over a 14‐year period.MethodsCanadian optometrists were invited to participate in an anonymous 35‐item survey in 2007 and 2021. The surveys sought to investigate optometrist's recommendations for first eye examinations, the number of paediatric patients seen in a typical week and preparedness to provide eye examinations to children. Response frequencies were determined for each survey item.ResultsAcross Canada, 133/1000 (13.3%) and 261/~6419 (~4.1%) optometrists responded to the survey in 2007 and 2021, respectively. No significant difference was found in the number of years practicing, days per week in practice and total number of patients seen per week. The modal age optometrists recommended children be seen for their first eye examination changed from 3–4 years in 2007 (53%) to 6–12 months in 2021 (61%). In 2007, 87% of respondents provided eye examinations to children <2 years, increasing to 94% in 2021 (p = 0.02). Despite a reduction in the recommended age between the two survey years, the most frequent age children were seen for their first eye examination was 3‐4 years (30% in both surveys) and the most common age seen in a typical week remained unchanged (4–6 years—56% 2007; 66% 2021).ConclusionAlthough optometrists' willingness to provide paediatric eye care increased over the past 14 years, the number of children seen in a typical week did not change. Barriers to determine why more children are not being seen at an earlier age need to be investigated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing paediatric optometric vision care in Canada over a 14‐year period

Christian,

Opoku‐Yamoah,

Rose

et al. 2024

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…It is necessary to implement public policies that support a truly effective, comprehensive and timely screening system, according to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines [44], and invest in eye health professionals training, in order to improve the ratio of professionals per population in each district and guarantee universal access to eye health services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors among a Youth Population in Mozambique: Evidence of the Need for Intervention

et al. 2021

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Visual impairment (VI) can significantly interfere in the child’s daily activities and quality of life, having a negative effect on their development and learning. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of VI and associated demographic factors in students examined during the program “Moçambique te vejo melhor”. This study was cross-sectional and retrospective, based on the 2018/19 edition of the program. Eye examinations were performed in secondary school students, aged between 12 and 20 years, of five districts in Nampula province. The examination included visual acuity, non-cycloplegic refraction and assessment of the anterior and posterior segment and ocular adnexa. The prevalence of uncorrected, presenting and best-corrected VI found was 18.3%, 10.8%, and 5.0%, respectively. Refractive error (RE) had a prevalence of 24.7%, and the age groups between 15–17 years and 18–20 years were significantly associated with myopia (with OR: 4.9 and OR: 8.8, respectively), as well as the 11th and 12th grade (OR: 8.1 and OR: 10.7, respectively), and Malema district had association with myopia (ORa: 0.4) and hyperopia (ORa: 0.4 and OR: 0.3) as a protective factor. The prevalence of RE and VI was relatively high, showing the need for greater intervention at the school level.

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“…They may also negatively affect a child’s social life, motor skills, education, and other fundamental life skills [ 3 ]. The visual system develops before birth and continues until after delivery [ 4 ]. The sense of sight develops swiftly within the child’s first year and becomes the primary sense in the sixth month [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The visual system develops before birth and continues until after delivery [ 4 ]. The sense of sight develops swiftly within the child’s first year and becomes the primary sense in the sixth month [ 4 ]. During this developmental period and until the child is six years old, the eyes are susceptible to various disorders that may impair vision [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents’ Awareness and Attitude Toward Pediatrics Eye Diseases in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Almogbel¹,

Shanbari²,

Alibrahim³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background: The necessity of early detection and parents' knowledge of pediatric eye conditions and eye care is crucial, not only because of the severe complications it can carry, like blindness, but also due to the availability of preventive measures and the importance of vision in a child's growth and social life. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of awareness of and attitudes toward children's eye diseases of parents in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, from September to December 2022. A self-administered questionnaire was randomly distributed to fathers and mothers of children younger than 18 through social media platforms. Results: A total of 470 parents who met the study’s inclusion criteria completed the study questionnaire. The results showed that 72.8% of the parents had poor awareness of pediatric eye diseases, 24.5% had good awareness, and 2.8% had excellent awareness. With regard to the symptoms that might prompt parents to take their children to an eye specialist, eye redness had the highest percentage (24.5%). It was also shown that 68.5% would allow their children to undergo eye surgery, if necessary, while most of those who refused to do so (11.3%) cited fear of the surgical outcome as the cause of their refusal. Conclusion: Our study findings show inadequate parental knowledge about common pediatric eye diseases and eye care practices for children. Therefore, awareness and education programs targeting both parents are recommended to raise the parents’ level of awareness of pediatric eye diseases and to improve their attitudes toward the same.

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Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline: Comprehensive Pediatric Eye and Vision Examination

Abstract: Republished with written permission granted from the American Optometric Association, October 2, 2020.

Cited by 21 publications

References 226 publications

Comparing paediatric optometric vision care in Canada over a 14‐year period

Comparing paediatric optometric vision care in Canada over a 14‐year period

The Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors among a Youth Population in Mozambique: Evidence of the Need for Intervention

Parents’ Awareness and Attitude Toward Pediatrics Eye Diseases in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

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