Evidence for a local reef eclipse in a shallow marine carbonate environment following the regional extinction of archaeocyaths in Laurentia (Stage 4, Cambrian)

Cordie, David R.; Dornbos, Stephen Q.; Marenco, Pedro J.

doi:10.1007/s10347-019-0589-9

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Found only in float, the genus has a bush-like growth form (width of ~5 mm and height of 5 to 8 mm), with radiating tubes 80 to 160 m in diameter (37). Hedstroemia is also reported from the overlying Mule Springs Formation in the western United States (38).…”

Section: Possible Affinities Of the Harkless Bryomorph Fossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oldest mineralized bryozoan? A possible palaeostomate in the lower Cambrian of Nevada, USA

et al. 2022

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All skeletal marine invertebrate phyla appeared during the Cambrian explosion, except for Bryozoa with mineralized skeletons, which first appear in the Early Ordovician. However, the skeletal diversity of Early Ordovician bryozoans suggests a preceding interval of diversification. We report a possible earliest occurrence of palaeostomate bryozoans in limestones of the Cambrian Age 4 Harkless Formation, western United States. Following recent interpretations of the early Cambrian Protomelission as a soft-bodied bryozoan, our findings add to the evidence of early Cambrian roots for the Bryozoa. The Harkless fossils resemble some esthonioporate and cystoporate bryozoans, showing a radiating pattern of densely packed tubes of the same diameter and cross-sectional shape. Further, they show partitioning of new individuals from parent tubes through the formation of a separate wall, a characteristic of interzooecial budding in bryozoans. If confirmed as bryozoans, these fossils would push back the appearance of mineralized skeletons in this phylum by ~30 million years and impact interpretations of their evolution.

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Section: Possible Affinities Of the Harkless Bryomorph Fossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oldest mineralized bryozoan? A possible palaeostomate in the lower Cambrian of Nevada, USA

et al. 2022

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“…The outer-shelf depositional setting and the highly condensed interval of the lower Emigrant Formation have been discussed by Sundberg and McCollum (2003), Sundberg et al (2011. Stable isotope studies on the Mule Spring Limestone and lower Emigrant Formation have been reported and discussed by Wotte et al (2011), Lin et al (2019), andCordie et al (2020). These studies included δ 13 C carb , δ 13 C org , δ 34 S CAS , and δ 18 O carb , as well as Sr, Mn, V, Mo, U, Na+Cl, Mg, and Fe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facies analyses and depositional environments of the uppermost Harkless Formation and Mule Spring Limestone in Clayton Ridge have been discussed by Webster (2011a, d) and Cordie et al (2020). The outer-shelf depositional setting and the highly condensed interval of the lower Emigrant Formation have been discussed by Sundberg and McCollum (2003), Sundberg et al (2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Harkless Formation is conformably overlain by the Mule Spring Limestone (Nelson, 1962). It is often characterized as being oncolitic (Nelson, 1962;Stewart, 1970;Albers and Stewart, 1972), although a substantial part of the unit lacks oncoids and is dominated by a fenestral texture and micropeloids (Webster, 2011d;Cordie et al, 2020). The transition between the Harkless Formation and the Mule Spring Limestone is gradational; Webster (2011d) placed the base of the Mule Spring Limestone at the base of the first major ledge-forming oncolitic limestone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar outer shelf deposits crop out elsewhere in Esmeralda County (Stewart, 1970;Albers and Stewart, 1972) and in the White-Inyo Mountains of Inyo County, California (Nelson, 1962(Nelson, , 1976Nelson and Durham, 1966;Palmer, 1971). The Mule Spring Limestone represents predominantly shallow subtidal to intertidal, microbial mud flats developed on the seaward side of a carbonate bank (Webster, 2011d;Cordie et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corynexochine trilobites of the Harkless Formation and Mule Spring Limestone (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4), Clayton Ridge, Nevada

Sundberg

Webster

2021

J. Paleontol.

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Most Cambrian Series 2 faunas of Laurentia are dominated by olenelline trilobites; however, non-olenelline trilobites occur with the olenellines and sometimes dominate the assemblages. Reported here are such non-olenelline trilobites from the Harkless Formation and Mule Spring Limestone at Clayton Ridge, Nevada. At the bottom of the Saline Valley Tongue, Harkless Formation, are two assemblages that are characterized by corynexochines and/or ptychoparioids, with olenellines occurring as only rare components. The corynexochines present in these assemblages include Bonnia cf. B. brennus (Walcott, 1916), Ovatoryctocara cf. O. yaxiensis Yuan et al., 2009, Protoryctocephalus? aff. P.? arcticus Geyer and Peel, 2011, Ogygopsis sp. indet., and Oryctocephalops frischenfeldi Lermontova, 1940. These assemblages are from the mid-Dyeran Stage, below the lowermost zone in the upper Dyeran (Arcuolenellus arcuatus Biozone), and can be correlated to Series 2 Stage 4 (Cambrian) assemblages in Greenland, Siberia, and South China based on the corynexochines. Also in the Saline Valley Tongue and the overlying Mule Spring Limestone and lowermost Emigrant Formation are olenelloid-dominated assemblages that contain the corynexochines Bonnia columbensis Resser, 1936, Zacanthopsis aff. Z. levis (Walcott, 1886), and Z. sp. indet.

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Cambrian reefs in the lower Poleta Formation: a new occurrence of a thick archaeocyathan reef near Gold Point, Nevada, USA

Pruss

Slaymaker

Smith

et al. 2021

Facies

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Evidence for a local reef eclipse in a shallow marine carbonate environment following the regional extinction of archaeocyaths in Laurentia (Stage 4, Cambrian)

Cited by 9 publications

References 92 publications

The oldest mineralized bryozoan? A possible palaeostomate in the lower Cambrian of Nevada, USA

The oldest mineralized bryozoan? A possible palaeostomate in the lower Cambrian of Nevada, USA

Corynexochine trilobites of the Harkless Formation and Mule Spring Limestone (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4), Clayton Ridge, Nevada

Cambrian reefs in the lower Poleta Formation: a new occurrence of a thick archaeocyathan reef near Gold Point, Nevada, USA

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