Evidence for a rate-limiting role of cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase activity in taurine biosynthesis in vivo

Rosa, James De La; Stipanuk, Martha H.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(85)90367-0

Cited by 72 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Cats are deficient in CSAD [24]. CSAD is considered to be the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of the inhibitory amino acid taurine [6]. This deficiency in CSAD is the metabolic basis for the recognized dietary requirement for taurine in cats [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen-Induced Seizures and Inhibition of Human Glutamate Decarboxylase and Porcine Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase by Oxygen and Nitric Oxide

Davis

Foos

et al. 2001

J Biomed Sci

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The recombinant forms of the two human isozymes of glutamate decarboxylase, GAD65 and GAD67, are potently and reversibly inhibited by molecular oxygen (K_i = 0.46 and 0.29 mM, respectively). Inhibition of the vesicle-associated glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by molecular oxygen is likely to result in incomplete filling of synaptic vesicles with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and may be a contributing factor in the genesis of oxygen-induced seizures. Under anaerobic conditions, nitric oxide inhibits both GAD65 and GAD67 with comparable potency to molecular oxygen (K_i = 0.5 mM). Two forms of porcine cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSADI and CSADII) are also sensitive to inhibition by molecular oxygen (K_i = 0.30 and 0.22 mM, respectively) and nitric oxide (K_i = 0.3 and 0.2 mM, respectively). Similar inhibition of glutamate decarboxylase and cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase by two different radical-containing compounds (O₂ and NO) is consistent with the notion that these reactions proceed via radical mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen-Induced Seizures and Inhibition of Human Glutamate Decarboxylase and Porcine Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase by Oxygen and Nitric Oxide

Davis

Foos

et al. 2001

J Biomed Sci

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“…The ability of fish to synthesize taurine is species or developmental stage dependent Kim et al 2003Kim et al , 2005. The reason for such differences in their ability to synthesize taurine might be due to various activities of L-cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase, an enzyme required for the conversion from cysteine to taurine (De la Rosa and Stipanuk 1985;Takeuchi et al 2001;Yokoyama et al 2001). Although taurine is nonessential, its inclusion in diets is often recommended because of its auxiliary actions such as membrane protection, antioxidation and detoxification in mammals (Wright et al 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine supplementation in diet for olive flounder at low water temperature

et al. 2017

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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of taurine for juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) at low water temperature (16.4 ± 0.36°C). Fish meal (FM)-based diet was used as the control diet. Four other experimental diets were prepared by adding taurine to FM-based diet at 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 1. 50% (T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively). Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (initial mean body weight, 19.5 g) for 10 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance and feed utilization, hematological parameters, non-specific immune responses, whole-body proximate composition, and liver mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were investigated. Feed conversion ratio was significantly reduced while protein efficiency ratio was significantly increased in taurine-supplemented groups. Hematocrit and hemoglobin were also significantly increased while plasma cholesterol levels were decreased in taurine-supplemented groups than those in the control group. Nitroblue-tetrazolium, myeloperoxidase and lysozyme activities, and plasma immunoglobulin level were significantly increased by taurine supplementation. These results suggest that dietary taurine supplementation is effective in improving growth performances, feed utilization, and innate immunity of olive flounder in low water temperature season.

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“…In addition, taurine seems to be involved in the development of the brain, since taurine concentrations in the brain fall with development and the levels of taurine in adults is about one-third of those of neonates. This pattern has been found in many species including rats [5].Taurine is an essential amino acid for the cat because the cat has low levels of activity of cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme for taurine biosynthesis, and is, therefore, dependent on a dietary source to maintain its body pools [6,11]. In most mammalian species, taurine is acquired both via diet and synthesis from methionine or cysteine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taurine is an essential amino acid for the cat because the cat has low levels of activity of cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme for taurine biosynthesis, and is, therefore, dependent on a dietary source to maintain its body pools [6,11]. In most mammalian species, taurine is acquired both via diet and synthesis from methionine or cysteine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Taurine in Rat Milk on the Growth of Offspring.

Rho

Suzuki

et al. 2000

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. The physiological significance of taurine in milk in the growth of rat pups was investigated. Our results confirmed that taurine was at an exceptionally high concentration in rat milk during the lactational period, especially for the first few days after birth. Pups taking no milk from natural dams but from foster mothers at an advanced lactational period showed a slower growth rate. Intraperitoneal administration of taurine to the foster mothers in the first five days restored this growth retardation. On the other hand, intraperitoneal administration of β-alanine, a transport antagonist of taurine, to the natural dams through the lactational period induced a slower growth rate of pups. This β-alanine treatment to dams increased β-alanine concentration, but did not decrease taurine concentrations in milk, and serum taurine concentration in the pups receiving this milk was elevated. Direct administration of β-alanine to pups also increased the serum taurine concentrations dose-dependently. β-Alanine administration to pups significantly decreased [ 3 H]taurine incorporation into all the organs examined, and in contrast, [ 3 H]taurine concentrations in serum and urine were elevated. Thus, β-alanine inhibited taurine incorporation into cells and accelerated taurine excretion into either urine or milk. Serum IGF-I levels in pups receiving β-alanine either directly or via their mothers was significantly lower than those in control pups. Cumulatively, taurine ingestion from milk at an early lactational period seems critical for normal growth of rat neonates due to its role in maintaining normal serum IGF-I levels.KEY WORDS: β-alanine, growth rate, milk, rat pup, taurine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 62 (7): [693][694][695][696][697][698] 2000 Taurine (2-aminoethane sulphonic acid) is one of the end products of sulfur metabolism, first isolated from ox bile [29], and was considered for a long time to be an inert waste product of the sulfur-containing amino acid catabolism. However, as information concerning the biological roles of taurine has accumulated, taurine has been illustrated to play many important physiological roles in animals, especially during their development. The possible functions of taurine currently proposed are as follows: conjugation of bile acids in the liver [31], improvement of fat absorption [1], maintenance of osmolarity [17], modulation of calcium levels [30], stabilization of membranes [12], antiarrhythmic activity in the heart [24], regulation of ion fluxes [7], and stimulation of sperm motility [20]. In the central nervous system, although the role of taurine is not well established, it has been proposed as a neurotransmitter or a neuromodulator [2]. In addition, taurine seems to be involved in the development of the brain, since taurine concentrations in the brain fall with development and the levels of taurine in adults is about one-third of those of neonates. This pattern has been found in many species including rats [5].Taurine is an essential amino acid for the cat because the cat has ...

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Evidence for a rate-limiting role of cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase activity in taurine biosynthesis in vivo

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Oxygen-Induced Seizures and Inhibition of Human Glutamate Decarboxylase and Porcine Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase by Oxygen and Nitric Oxide

Oxygen-Induced Seizures and Inhibition of Human Glutamate Decarboxylase and Porcine Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase by Oxygen and Nitric Oxide

Taurine supplementation in diet for olive flounder at low water temperature

Effect of Taurine in Rat Milk on the Growth of Offspring.

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