Evidence for changes in the North Atlantic Deep Water linked to meltwater surges during the Heinrich events

Vidal, Laurent; Labeyrie, Laurent D; Cortijo, Elsa; Arnold, Maurice; Duplessy, Jean Claude; Michel, Élisabeth; Becqué, S.; Weering, Tj.C.E. van

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(96)00192-6

Cited by 302 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…The 3 Nd at Site 1060 before Greenland IS 11 and during IS 8 was À11.2, intermediate between the SSW and the MIS 3 GNAIW end member compositions. Therefore, the slightly less radiogenic Nd isotope composition at Site 1060 during parts of MIS 3 than during the LGM supports the assertion that at least at some stage during MIS 3 GNAIW influence extended deeper than during the LGM, with Site 1060 being located in the transition zone between SSW and GNAIW (see also Vidal et al, 1997;Hoogakker et al, 2007). The Nd isotope record suggests deeper GNAIW ventilation along the Blake Ridge preceding Greenland IS 11 followed by a period of shallowing with SSW dominance, and a resumption of deeper influence of GNAIW at the beginning of Greenland IS 8 (Fig.…”

Section: Based On High Benthic Foraminiferal D 13 C Values (Epifaunalsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…These occurred at near regular intervals at the end of longer term D/O cooling trends, followed by rapid warming, as recorded both in Greenland ice and North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (Bond et al, 1993;Hemming, 2004). The exact cause for these iceberg discharge events is not yet resolved but Atlantic water mass stratification and overturning circulation clearly changed during these events (Vidal et al, 1997;Rasmussen et al, 2003;McManus et al, 2004).…”

Section: Climate and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…While it appears that Atlantic MOC generally weakened during Heinrich Events (e.g., Oppo and Lehman, 1995;Vidal et al, 1997), the magnitude and timing of these MOC reductions is not resolved. McManus et al (2004) suggested a near total collapse of Atlantic MOC during Heinrich event 1 based on a sedimentary Pa/Th record from the Bermuda Rise.…”

Section: Climate and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Compared with the LGM benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope records suggest that during MIS 3 NSW occupied a larger proportion of the North Atlantic at least during Greenland Interstadials (Oppo and Lehman, 1995;Vidal et al, 1997;Elliot et al, 2002;Hagen and Keigwin, 2002;Rasmussen et al, 2003). At the Blake Ridge in the western North Atlantic, Hagen and Keigwin (2002) used benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope evidence to infer the presence of NADW during interstadials down to w3000 m water depth and its replacement by SSW during stadials.…”

Section: Climate and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi) indicative of recently ventilated, nutrient depleted water, Vidal et al (1997) and Elliot et al (2002) inferred the presence of NADW at water depths above about 3500 m in the western North Atlantic before and after H4. By analogy, MIS 3 d 13 C records of the infaunal species Uvigerina peregrina from Site 1060 (Vautravers et al, 2004) indicate (somewhat less clearly) the presence of SSW during this time interval rather than GNAIW.…”

Section: Based On High Benthic Foraminiferal D 13 C Values (Epifaunalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in North Atlantic Deep Water strength and bottom water masses during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (45–35kaBP)

Gutjahr

Hoogakker

McCave

2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tThe strength of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during climatically highly variable Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 has attracted much attention in recent years. Here we present highresolution Nd isotope compositions of past seawater derived from authigenic FeeMn oxyhydroxides recovered from drift sediments on the Blake Ridge in the deep western North Atlantic (ODP Leg 172, Site 1060, 3481 m water depth). The data cover the period from 45 to 35 ka BP, tracing circulation changes during major Heinrich iceberg discharge event 4 (H4, w40e39 ka BP). The Nd isotope record suggests that there was no northern-source water (NSW) mass like modern NADW at the deeper part of Blake Ridge at any time between 45 and 35 ka. This is fundamentally different from the hydrographic situation during the Holocene where NADW extends below 4500 m at this location. The 3 Nd of past deep water recorded in the Blake Ridge sediments was least radiogenic during Dansgaard/Oeschger (D/O) Interstadial (IS) 8 (3 Nd ¼ À11.3) and most radiogenic immediately preceding IS 9 (3 Nd ¼ À9.8). More radiogenic compositions were also recorded during H4 (À10.2 3 Nd À9.9). The Nd isotope variability in MIS 3 matches that of a physical bottom current strength reconstruction from the same location. Neither record follows the pattern of Northern Hemisphere D/O climatic cycles. In our record, reduced mixing with northern source waters started in stadial 12 and lasted until after H4 in stadial 9, followed by a rapid increase in NSW contribution thereafter. This major change in the Nd isotope record predates the iceberg discharge event Heinrich 4 by more than 3 ka indicating a shallowing of the water mass boundary between Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water and Southern Source Water beneath. This early change in bottom water properties at the deep Blake Ridge suggests that North Atlantic deep water advection may already have decreased several thousand years before the actual iceberg discharge event and associated freshening of the surface waters in the North Atlantic. The change can thus not be attributed to climatic events in the North Atlantic but may be related to changes in flux of deep water from the South.

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Section: Based On High Benthic Foraminiferal D 13 C Values (Epifaunalsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Climate and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Climate and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Climate and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Based On High Benthic Foraminiferal D 13 C Values (Epifaunalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in North Atlantic Deep Water strength and bottom water masses during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (45–35kaBP)

Gutjahr

Hoogakker

McCave

2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Evidence for Heinrich event 1 in the British Isles

McCabe¹,

Knight²,

McCarron³

1998

J. Quaternary Sci.

138

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In the north Irish Sea basin (ISB), sedimentary successions constrained by AMS 14 C dates obtained from marine microfaunas record three major palaeoenvironmental shifts during the last deglacial cycle. (i) Marine muds (Cooley Point Interstadial) dated to between 16.7 and 14.7 14 C kyr BP record a major deglaciation of the ISB following the Late Glacial Maximum (LGM). (ii) Terminal outwash and ice-contact landforms (Killard Point Stadial) were deposited during an extensive ice readvance, which occurred after 14.7 14 C kyr BP and reached a maximum extent at ca.14 14 C kyr BP. At this time the lowlands surrounding the north ISB were drumlinised. Coeval flowlines reconstructed from these bedforms end at prominent moraines (Killard Point, Bride, St Bees) and indicate contemporaneity of drumlinisation from separate ice dispersal centres, substrate erosion by fast ice flow, and subglacial sediment transfer to ice-sheet margins. In north central Ireland bed reorganisation associated with this fast ice-flow phase involved overprinting and drumlinisation of earlier transverse ridges (Rogen-type moraines) by headward erosion along ice streams that exited through tidewater ice margins. This is the first direct terrestrial evidence that the British Ice Sheet (BIS) participated in Heinrich event 1 (H1). (iii) Regional mud drapes, directly overlying drumlins, record high relative sea-level (RSL) with stagnation zone retreat after 13.7 14 C kyr BP (Rough Island Interstadial). Elsewhere in lowland areas of northern Britain ice-marginal sediments and morainic belts record millennial-scale oscillations of the BIS, which postdate the LGM advance on to the continental shelf, and pre-date the Loch Lomond Stadial (Younger Dryas) advance in the highlands of western Scotland (ca. 11-10 14 C kyr BP). In western, northwestern and northern Ireland, Killard Point Stadial (H1) ice limits are reconstructed from ice-flow lines that are coeval with those in the north ISB and end at prominent moraines. On the Scottish continental shelf possible H1-age ice limits are reconstructed from dated marine muds and associated ice marginal moraines. It is argued that the last major offshore ice expansion from the Scottish mountains postdated ca. 15 14 C kyr BP and is therefore part of the H1 event. In eastern England the stratigraphic significance of the Dimlington silts is re-evaluated because evidence shows that there was only one major ice oscillation postdating ca.18 14 C kyr BP in these lowlands. In a wider context the sequence of deglacial events in the ISB (widespread deglaciation of southern part of the BIS → major readvance during H1 → ice sheet collapse) is similar to records of ice sheet variability from the southern margins of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS). Welldated ice-marginal records, however, show that during the Killard Point readvance the BIS was at its maximum position when retreat of the LIS was well underway. This phasing relationship supports the idea that the BIS readvance was a response to North Atlantic cooling induced by collaps...

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A 0.6 million year record of millennial‐scale climate variability in the tropics

Gibson

Peterson

2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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A~600 kyr long scanning X-ray fluorescence record of redox variability from the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, provides insight into rapid climate change in the tropics over the past five glacial-interglacial cycles. Variations in the sediment accumulation of the redox-sensitive element molybdenum (Mo) can be linked to changes in Intertropical Convergence Zone migration and reveal that millennial-scale variability is a persistent feature of tropical climate over the past 600 kyr, including during periods of interglacial warmth. This new record supports the idea that high-frequency tropical climate variability is not controlled solely by ice volume changes, with implications for the role of high-latitude forcing of Intertropical Convergence Zone position and tropical hydrology on millennial timescales.

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Evidence for changes in the North Atlantic Deep Water linked to meltwater surges during the Heinrich events

Cited by 302 publications

References 50 publications

Changes in North Atlantic Deep Water strength and bottom water masses during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (45–35kaBP)

Changes in North Atlantic Deep Water strength and bottom water masses during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (45–35kaBP)

Evidence for Heinrich event 1 in the British Isles

A 0.6 million year record of millennial‐scale climate variability in the tropics

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