Evidence for two genetically and chemically defined host races of Tyria jacobaeae (Arctiidae, Lepidoptera)

Wink, Michael; Legal, Luc

doi:10.1007/pl00001852

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…QA such as Sparteine are known to be stable when they are not exposed to direct UVs or in contact with micro-organisms which degrade them rapidly (Coldham et al 2005 and references therein). These results led us to hypothesize that surviving caterpillars are able to partially reduce alkaloids as can some other families of Lepidoptera (Wink et al 1998;Wink and Legal 2001;Wink and Theile 2002). The differences in alkaloid composition between species indicate a broad range of defense strategies against predation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Activity of quinolizidine alkaloids from three Mexican Lupinus against the lepidopteran crop pest Spodoptera frugiperda

et al. 2008

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Bitter lupins (Lupinus spp.) are not used as a protein source because of their toxicity. However, they may have alternative uses as potential sources of natural insecticides. Quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) of three Mexican Lupinus species (Fabaceae): L. montanus (HBK), L. stipulatus (Agardh) and L. aschenbornii (Schauer), were analyzed by capillary Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Sparteine was found in high amounts in both L. montanus and L. aschenbornii while the major alkaloids in L. stipulatus extract were aphylline and an epiaphylline-like compound. Alkaloid extracts were tested for their insecticidal activity using larvae of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith); (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) as a model pest. We compared LD 50 values and mean weight of caterpillars fed with alkaloid extracts of the three species studied with those of sparteine, a widespread QA found in various lupin species. Extracts of L. montanus and L. aschenbornii were found to be as effective as sparteine and extracts L. stipulatus were found to be the most toxic against the larvae of S. frugiperda. This suggests that the various QA act differently on caterpillars, and could be used to control Spodoptera populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Activity of quinolizidine alkaloids from three Mexican Lupinus against the lepidopteran crop pest Spodoptera frugiperda

et al. 2008

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“…Larvae of a Swiss race of T. jacobaeae (Arctiidae) likely sequester the isoprenoids petasol and isopetasol from the PA-free Petasites paradoxus (Asteraceae), whereas this moth species usually sequesters PAs from Senecio species (see above) (Wink and Legal 2001).…”

Section: Other Isoprenoids In Lepidopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant chemistry and insect sequestration

2009

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Most plant families are distinguished by characteristic secondary metabolites, which can function as putative defence against herbivores. However, many herbivorous insects of different orders can make use of these plant-synthesised compounds by ingesting and storing them in their body tissue or integument. Such sequestration of putatively unpalatable or toxic metabolites can enhance the insects' own defence against enemies and may also be involved in reproductive behaviour. This review gives a comprehensive overview of all groups of secondary plant metabolites for which sequestration by insect herbivores belonging to different orders has been demonstrated. Sequestered compounds include various aromatic compounds, nitrogen-containing metabolites such as alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates and other sulphurcontaining metabolites, and isoprenoids such as cardiac glycosides, cucurbitacins, iridoid glycosides and others. Sequestration of plant compounds has been investigated most in insects feeding or gathering on Apocynaceae s.l. (Apocynoideae, Asclepiaoideae), Aristolochiaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Fabaceae and Plantaginaceae, but it also occurs for some gymnosperms and even lichens. In total, more than 250 insect species have been shown to sequester plant metabolites from at least 40 plant families. Sequestration predominates in the Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, but also occurs frequently in the orders Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera and Sternorrhyncha. Patterns of sequestration mechanisms for various compound classes and common or individual features occurring in different insect orders are highlighted. More research is needed to elucidate the specific transport mechanisms and the physiological processes of sequestration in various insect species.

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“…The fundamental host range of T. jacobaeae has been estimated by host specificity tests conducted prior to introduction in New Zealand (Miller ; Cameron ), the United States (Parker ), and Canada (Bucher and Harris ). The fundamental (=genetically determined) host range appears to be broad, including Jacobaea , Senecio , Packera , Erechtites , and Petasites species; it is constrained by phylogeny, chemistry, and perhaps plant architecture and phenology (Wink and Legal ; Bernays et al. ).…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving while invading: rapid adaptive evolution in juvenile development time for a biological control organism colonizing a high‐elevation environment

McEvoy

Higgs

Coombs³

et al. 2012

Evolutionary Applications

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We report evidence of adaptive evolution in juvenile development time on a decadal timescale for the cinnabar moth Tyria jacobaeae (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) colonizing new habitats and hosts from the Willamette Valley to the Coast Range and Cascades Mountains in Oregon. Four lines of evidence reveal shorter egg to pupa juvenile development times evolved in the mountains, where cooler temperatures shorten the growing season: (i) field observations showed that the mountain populations have shorter phenological development; (ii) a common garden experiment revealed genetic determination of phenotypic differences in juvenile development time between Willamette Valley and mountain populations correlated with the growing season; (iii) a laboratory experiment rearing offspring from parental crosses within and between Willamette Valley and Cascades populations demonstrated polygenic inheritance, high heritability, and genetic determination of phenotypic differences in development times; and (iv) statistical tests that exclude random processes (founder effect, genetic drift) in favor of natural selection as explanations for observed differences in phenology. These results support the hypothesis that rapid adaptation to the cooler mountain climate occurred in populations established from populations in the warmer valley climate. Our findings should motivate regulators to require evaluation of evolutionary potential of candidate biological control organisms prior to release.

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Evidence for two genetically and chemically defined host races of Tyria jacobaeae (Arctiidae, Lepidoptera)

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Activity of quinolizidine alkaloids from three Mexican Lupinus against the lepidopteran crop pest Spodoptera frugiperda

Activity of quinolizidine alkaloids from three Mexican Lupinus against the lepidopteran crop pest Spodoptera frugiperda

Plant chemistry and insect sequestration

Evolving while invading: rapid adaptive evolution in juvenile development time for a biological control organism colonizing a high‐elevation environment

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