Evidence of damage evolution during creep of Al–Mg alloy using synchrotron X-ray refraction

Cabeza, Sandra; Müller, Bernd R.; Pereyra, Ricardo T.; Fernández, Rafael Ramos; González-Doncel, Gaspar; Bruno, Giovanni

doi:10.1107/s1600576718001449

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…By using the image calculating software “Fiji Image J” the attenuation (

μ \cdot d

) and the refraction value

()(, C_{m} \cdot d)

are evaluated for each pixel according to Equations () and (), respectively. A detailed description of data conditioning and evaluation can be found in literature

μ \cdot d = - \ln (\frac{I}{I_{0}})

C_{normalm} \cdot d = 1 - \frac{I_{R}}{I_{normalR 0}} \cdot \frac{I_{0}}{I}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed description of data conditioning and evaluation can be found in literature. 25,26 The influence of the specimen thickness d is eliminated by dividing the local refraction value C m ⋅ d by the local attenuation property ( ⋅ d). This yields the relative specific refraction value C m ∕ , which is correlated to the relative specific internal surface of the specimen.…”

Section: X-ray Refractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of porosity, crack density, and CMAS penetration in thermal barrier coatings subjected to burner rig testing

et al. 2019

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Degradation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in gas‐turbine engines due to calcium–magnesium–aluminosilicate (CMAS) glassy deposits from various sources has been a persistent issue since many years. In this study, state of the art electron microscopy was correlated with X‐ray refraction techniques to elucidate the intrusion of CMAS into the porous structure of atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) TBCs and the formation and growth of cracks under thermal cycling in a burner rig. Results indicate that the sparse nature of the infiltration as well as kinetics in the burner rig are majorly influenced by the wetting behavior of the CMAS. Despite the obvious attack of CMAS on grain boundaries, the interaction of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with intruded CMAS has no immediate impact on structure and density of internal surfaces. At a later stage the formation of horizontal cracks is observed in a wider zone of the TBC layer.

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“…By using the image calculating software “Fiji Image J” the attenuation (

μ \cdot d

) and the refraction value

()(, C_{m} \cdot d)

are evaluated for each pixel according to Equations () and (), respectively. A detailed description of data conditioning and evaluation can be found in literature

μ \cdot d = - \ln (\frac{I}{I_{0}})

C_{normalm} \cdot d = 1 - \frac{I_{R}}{I_{normalR 0}} \cdot \frac{I_{0}}{I}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Refractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of porosity, crack density, and CMAS penetration in thermal barrier coatings subjected to burner rig testing

et al. 2019

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“…By using the image calculating software “Fiji Image J” [24] the attenuation ( µ · d ) and the refraction value ( C m · d ) were evaluated for each pixel according to Equations (1) and (2), respectively. A detailed description of the data processing and evaluation can be found in [25,26]. μ·d=ln(I0I) Cm·d=1−IR·I0IR0·I…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Thermal Microcracking in Refractory ZrO2-SiO2 after Application of External Loads at High Temperatures

et al. 2019

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Zirconia-based cast refractories are widely used for glass furnace applications. Since they have to withstand harsh chemical as well as thermo-mechanical environments, internal stresses and microcracking are often present in such materials under operating conditions (sometimes in excess of 1700 °C). We studied the evolution of thermal (CTE) and mechanical (Young’s modulus) properties as a function of temperature in a fused-cast refractory containing 94 wt.% of monoclinic ZrO2 and 6 wt.% of a silicate glassy phase. With the aid of X-ray refraction techniques (yielding the internal specific surface in materials), we also monitored the evolution of microcracking as a function of thermal cycles (crossing the martensitic phase transformation around 1000 °C) under externally applied stress. We found that external compressive stress leads to a strong decrease of the internal surface per unit volume, but a tensile load has a similar (though not so strong) effect. In agreement with existing literature on -eucryptite microcracked ceramics, we could explain these phenomena by microcrack closure in the load direction in the compression case, and by microcrack propagation (rather than microcrack nucleation) under tensile conditions.

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“…Further details on the experimental procedure of SXRR can be found in Laquai et al, 26 Nellesen et al, 29 and Cabeza. 30 Because the analyzer crystal only distinguishes refracted X-rays within its scattering plane, the SXRR results depend on the orientation of the inner surfaces (defects, pores, etc.) with respect to the scattering vector of the analyzer crystal.…”

Section: Synchrotron X-ray Refraction Radiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Defect Types in SLM Ti-6Al-V4 by X-ray Refraction Topography

Laquai

Müller

Kasperovich

et al. 2020

Materials Performance and Characterization

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Porosity in additively manufactured materials, such as laser powder bed fusion Ti-Al6-V4, can play an important role in their mechanical performance. Not only the total porosity but also the shape/morphology of the individual pores need to be considered. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the distributions of different defect types (especially fusing defects and keyhole pores) and their dependence on process parameters. We show that synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography allows analysis of large samples (up to several millimeters) without compromising the detectability of submicrometer defects. Correspondingly, a classification tool is introduced that is able to quantitatively distinguish defects such as keyhole pores and binding defects with a confidence level of 94 %, even when the shape cannot be discerned because of limited spatial resolution.

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Evidence of damage evolution during creep of Al–Mg alloy using synchrotron X-ray refraction

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Evolution of porosity, crack density, and CMAS penetration in thermal barrier coatings subjected to burner rig testing

Evolution of porosity, crack density, and CMAS penetration in thermal barrier coatings subjected to burner rig testing

Evolution of Thermal Microcracking in Refractory ZrO2-SiO2 after Application of External Loads at High Temperatures

Classification of Defect Types in SLM Ti-6Al-V4 by X-ray Refraction Topography

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