Evidence of sexual dimorphism in placental vitamin D metabolism: Testosterone inhibits calcitriol-dependent cathelicidin expression

Olmos-Ortíz, Andrea; García-Quiroz, Janice; López‐Marure, Rebeca; González-Curiel, Irma; Rivas-Santiago, Bruno; Olivares, Aleida; Avila, Euclides; Barrera, David; Halhali, Ali; Caldiño, Felipe; Larrea, Fernando; Díaz, Lorenza

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.05.017

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…A similar sex difference has been shown also in other studies , most of them conducted on older children, but the reasons for the difference are still unclear. Another recent study found significant differences in testosterone levels in male and female placentas, as well as different levels of vitamin D and cathelicidin . Sex hormones may therefore play a role even in foetal and early post‐natal life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Association between vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides and urinary tract infection in infants and young children

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Association between vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides and urinary tract infection in infants and young children

et al. 2018

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“…The gene products encoded by Fshr (follicle stimulating releasing hormone receptor) and Lhcgr (Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor) have well known effects on reproductive cycles, and behaviour due to their role in maintaining hormonal cycles in females. Cyp27b1 is a steroid synthesizing enzyme, which is primarily involved in vitamin D metabolism, known to influence many sex-specific phenomena in autoimmune and other diseases (for a recent example23). Fancl (Fanconi anema complementation group L) causes male and female infertility and gonadal hormone abnormalities in Zebrafish24 through developmental signalling mechanisms via aromatase conversion of androgen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of sexual dimorphism in mammalian phenotypic traits

et al. 2017

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The role of sex in biomedical studies has often been overlooked, despite evidence of sexually dimorphic effects in some biological studies. Here, we used high-throughput phenotype data from 14,250 wildtype and 40,192 mutant mice (representing 2,186 knockout lines), analysed for up to 234 traits, and found a large proportion of mammalian traits both in wildtype and mutants are influenced by sex. This result has implications for interpreting disease phenotypes in animal models and humans.

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“…As there is evidence to suggest that vitamin D metabolism within the placenta may differ with respect to fetal sex [ 35 ] thus, we assessed the effect of “standardised” vitamin D status on pregnancy outcome stratified by fetal sex (Table 3 ). Although not statistically significant, point estimates for women carrying a male fetus indicated decreased risk of having any pregnancy complication with high serum 25(OH)D compared to moderately-high (aRR: 0.86; 9%% CI: 0.71, 1.04).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The placenta expresses all the necessary components to convert 25(OH)D to the active form and thus utilise active vitamin D either locally or in a paracrine manner [ 45 , 47 ]. Vitamin D metabolism in the placenta has been shown to be influenced by testosterone production and thus varies by fetal sex [ 35 ]. Furthermore, sex specific differences in pregnancy outcome have also been reported whereby the risk of sPTB, PE and GDM are all higher in pregnancies with a male fetus [ 48 – 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome

Wilson

Leviton

Leemaqz

et al. 2018

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundPregnant women are at increased susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency. Hence, there is continuing interest in determining how vitamin D influences pregnancy health. We aimed to compare vitamin D status in two distinct populations of pregnant women in Australia and New Zealand and to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and pregnancy outcome. This included evaluating possible effect measure modifications according to fetal sex.MethodsSerum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured at 15 ± 1 weeks’ gestation in 2800 women from Adelaide and Auckland who participated in the multi-centre, prospective cohort SCreening fOr Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study.ResultsMean serum 25(OH)D in all women was 68.1 ± 27.1 nmol/L and 28% (n = 772) were considered vitamin D deficient (< 50 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D was lower in the women recruited in Adelaide when compared to the women recruited in Auckland and remained lower after adjusting for covariates including maternal body mass index and socioeconomic index (Adelaide: 58.4 ± 50.3 vs. Auckland: 70.2 ± 54.5 nmol/L, P < 0.001). A 53% decreased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was observed with high (> 81 nmol/L) “standardised” vitamin D status when compared to moderate-high (63–81 nmol/L, aRR, 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96). Marginal sex-specific differences occurred between vitamin D status and GDM: women carrying a female fetus had a 56% decreased risk for GDM in those with low-moderate levels of standardised vitamin D (44–63 nmol/L) compared to moderate-high levels (aRR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.97), whilst in women carrying a male fetus, a 55% decreased risk of GDM was found with high standardised vitamin D when compared to moderately-high vitamin D, but this was not statistically significant (aRR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.38).ConclusionsHigh serum 25(OH)D at 15 ± 1 weeks’ gestation was shown to be protective against the development of GDM. A possible association between fetal sex, vitamin D status and GDM provides further questions and encourages continual research and discussion into the role of vitamin D in pregnancy, particularly in vitamin D replete populations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-1887-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Evidence of sexual dimorphism in placental vitamin D metabolism: Testosterone inhibits calcitriol-dependent cathelicidin expression

Cited by 41 publications

References 53 publications

Association between vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides and urinary tract infection in infants and young children

Association between vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides and urinary tract infection in infants and young children

Prevalence of sexual dimorphism in mammalian phenotypic traits

Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome

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