Evidence of Toscana virus circulation in Umbria: First report

Francisci, Daniela; Papili, Rita; Camanni, Guido; Morosi, Sabrina; Ferracchiato, N.; Ciufolini, Maria Grazia; Baldelli, Franco

doi:10.1023/a:1024295710118

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some sporadic TOSV activity was noted during the remaining span of time. Other reports of TOSV infections have been described in northern Italy (Emilia Romagna, Piedmont) [28, 40, 43] and in other regions, including the Marches, Umbria, Lazio, Campania and Sardinia [44-46]. In this context, two cases of meningoencephalitis with severe sequelae, such as hydrocephalus caused by TOSV, were observed in Umbria [29].…”

Section: Toscana Virus In Italymentioning

confidence: 91%

Toscana Virus Epidemiology: From Italy to Beyond

Cusi¹

2010

TOVJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toscana virus (TOSV) is an arthropod-borne virus which is transmitted to humans by Phlebotomus spp sandflies. Infection is the cause of brain injuries, such as aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis, in Italy mainly during the summer. More recently some unusual clinical manifestations due to TOSV with severe sequelae, such as ischemic complications and hydrocephalus, have been reported. TOSV represents an important emerging pathogen and its presence is being investigated in several European countries on the Mediterranean basin, including Italy, France, Spain, Portugal and Cyprus. Phylogenetic analysis has distinguished two genotypes of TOSV, A and B; the first is circulating mainly in Italy and the second in Spain, indicating a different geographic distribution possibly related to the vector. This distribution, evolving with the climate, globalization and habitat modification, has implications for the epidemiology of TOSV.

show abstract

Section: Toscana Virus In Italymentioning

confidence: 91%

Toscana Virus Epidemiology: From Italy to Beyond

Cusi¹

2010

TOVJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…P. perfiliewi was detected in 32 shelters, P. perniciosus in five, and both species in nine sites. This activity, complemented by a literature review (Portolani et al 2002;Francisci et al 2003) and data collected in other surveys (Calzolari et al 2012), allowed a preliminary evaluation of the phlebotomine sandflies distribution in ER (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Entomological Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Surveillance Program on Canine Leishmaniasis in the Public Kennels of Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy

Santi

Renzi

Baldelli

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since 2007, a canine leishmaniasis (CanL) surveillance program has been carried out in public kennels of the Emilia-Romagna region with the aim of providing health guarantees for dog adoptions. According to this program, monitoring activities were performed to verify the presence of sandflies and infected dogs, and a specific CanL risk class was assigned to each kennel, resulting in different control approaches (entomological and/or serological monitoring, clinical surveillance, therapeutic treatment of infected dogs, protections against vector bites). From 2007 to 2012, 20,931 dogs, 89.8% of which were identified by microchip and housed in 73 kennels, were examined using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. In all, 528 (2.8%) dogs tested positive, and 43.0% of these were asymptomatic. The authors used monitoring results, in particular serological tests performed on dogs at admittance to the kennel and annual controls of sentinel dogs, to estimate CanL risk in the whole region and to evaluate the efficacy of the preventive measures adopted. CanL seroprevalence in dogs tested at the admittance in kennels increased significantly from 2010 (1.0%; 29/2858) to 2012 (2.4%; 69/2841). In contrast, the number of seroconversions in sentinel dogs was stable in 2010 (1.2%; 11/896) and 2011 (1.6%; 13/825) and decreased in 2012 (0.9%; 8/850), suggesting the efficacy of the preventive measures applied.

show abstract

“…In Central Italy, TOSV accounted for the first cause of CNS infections during the warm season far ahead other viruses with incidence ranging 30%-52% [22,23] in adult and children. TOSV was also isolated in other regions of Italy such as Emilia Romagna [24,25] , Piedmont [24] , Sardinia [26,27] , Sicilia [28] , and Umbria [24] .…”

Section: Geographic Distribution Of Tosvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Toscana virus in the mediterranean area

Charrel

Bichaud²,

Lamballerie³

2012

WJV

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toscana virus (TOSV) is an arthropod-borne virus, identified in 1971, from Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus perfiliewi in central Italy. TOSV belongs to the Phlebovirus genus within the Bunyaviridae family.As other bunyaviruses, the genome of TOSV consists of 3 segments (S for small, M for Medium, and L for Large) respectively encoding non structural and capsid proteins, envelope structural proteins, and the viral RNA-dependant RNA-polymerase. It is transmitted by sand flies. Therefore its distribution is dictated by that of the arthropod vectors, and virus circulation peaks during summertime when sandfly populations are active. Here, we reviewed the epidemiology of TOSV in the old world. First evidence of its pathogenicity for humans, specifically its propensity to cause central nervous system (CNS) infections such as meningitis and encephalitis, was reported in central Italy. After 2000, it was recognized that TOSV had a much larger geographic distribution than initially believed, and was present in most of the Western European countries located on the northern border of the Mediterranean Sea (Portugal, Spain, France, Greece, Croatia) as well as eastern countries such as Cyprus and Turkey. In the countries where TOSV is present, it is among the three most prevalent viruses in meningitis during the warm seasons, together with enteroviruses and herpesviruses. Up to now, epidemiological data concerning Northern Africa and other countries located south of the Mediterranean are scarce. TOSV must be considered an emerging pathogen. Despite the important role played by TOSV in CNS infections, it remains a neglected agent and is rarely considered by physicians in diagnostic algorithms of CNS infections and febrile illness during the warm season, probably because of the lack of information.

show abstract

Evidence of Toscana virus circulation in Umbria: First report

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Toscana Virus Epidemiology: From Italy to Beyond

Toscana Virus Epidemiology: From Italy to Beyond

A Surveillance Program on Canine Leishmaniasis in the Public Kennels of Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy

Emergence of Toscana virus in the mediterranean area

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About