Evolution of a drug trafficking network: Mapping changes in network structure and function across time

Bright, David; Delaney, Jordan J.

doi:10.1080/17440572.2013.787927

Cited by 90 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This framework for understanding the counterfeit alcohol market provides us with a structure that views the actors as being linked together in a loose network with some degree of adaptability and transience. Bright and Delaney [19] in exploring drug markets notes the need for flexibility to avoid detection and ensure secrecy and that this militates against a hierarchical structure.…”

Section: Collaborating For Commercial Gain In the Middle Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘C’ is for commercial collaboration: enterprise and structure in the ‘middle market’ of counterfeit alcohol distribution

Spencer

Lord

Benson

et al. 2018

Crime Law Soc Change

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This article utilising the work of Pearson and Hobbs [1] defines the middle market in counterfeit alcohol. Drugs markets have a resemblance to counterfeit alcohol markets in as much that they share the illicit nature of the product and the need to distribute the product at the 'street' level. Drawing on two case studies taken from a European regulator the article details the dynamics of the market, the enterprise actions of the actors and how law enforcement responses can, in certain circumstances, make the task of the distributors easier. The traditional notions of organised crime are challenged and organisation of counterfeit alcohol markets is viewed as being reliant upon those who have legitimate access to the market and are able to develop networks of commercial collaborators who by their position in the legitimate market are able to conceal their illicit actions.Crime Law Soc Change (2018) 70:543-560 https://doi

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Section: Collaborating For Commercial Gain In the Middle Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘C’ is for commercial collaboration: enterprise and structure in the ‘middle market’ of counterfeit alcohol distribution

Spencer

Lord

Benson

et al. 2018

Crime Law Soc Change

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“…In our framework, we use the 11 Ds to describe and analyse how (and when) a resolution action affects a particular crime script. Table II lists the principles that are used in this paper, In criminology and crime science, CS is mostly used for crime representation and resolution action identification [26,27,[33][34][35][36][37][38]. Here, we assume that the resolution actions have already been identified and we want to assess their effects on the crime process.…”

Section: Crime Scriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving security decision under uncertainty: A multidisciplinary approach

Dehghanniri

Letier

Borrion

2015

2015 International Conference on Cyber Situational Awareness, Data Analytics and Assessment (CyberSA)

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Security decision-making is a critical task in tackling security threats affecting a system or process. It often involves selecting a suitable resolution action to tackle an identified security risk. To support this selection process, decision-makers should be able to evaluate and compare available decision options. This article introduces a modelling language that can be used to represent the effects of resolution actions on the stakeholders' goals, the crime process, and the attacker. In order to reach this aim, we develop a multidisciplinary framework that combines existing knowledge from the fields of software engineering, crime science, risk assessment, and quantitative decision analysis. The framework is illustrated through an application to a case of identity theft.

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“…These characteristics of networks have been cited by scholars in the criminology literature over the past decade (Bright & Delaney, 2013;Morselli et al, 2007;Williams, 2001b). A network structure is fluid and dynamic and can "provide networks with a host of advantages including adaptability, resilience, a capacity for rapid innovation and learning and wide-scale recruitment" (Eilstrup-Sangiovanni & Jones, 2008, p. 8).…”

Section: Dynamic Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like many forms of social relations, networks are cited in the literature among many scholars to be flexible, adaptive and to change over time (Bright & Delaney, 2013;Morselli, Giguère, & Petit, 2007;Williams, 2001b). The fluid nature of criminal networks allows for a host of advantages, including resilience, wide-scale recruitment and flexibility to adapt to changes in the environment (Eilstrup-Sangiovanni & Jones, 2008, p. 8).…”

Section: Rq2a: How Are Police Corruption Network Structured?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dark networks : criminal collaboration in Australian police forces

Merrington¹

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Police corruption networks, hidden within the police organisation, rely on a core set of relationships reinforced by an embedded police culture of exclusivity and silence. The opaque nature of these networks, coupled with the norms that support the hidden goals and agendas of corrupt police officers, provides a firm foundation for corruption to prosper and flourish.Previous research has demonstrated that police corruption cannot be explained by a few 'bad apples', instead prior studies show that corrupt police officers collaborate and collude together to operate effectively and remain hidden within the broader police organisation (Fitzgerald, 1989;Lauchs, Keast, & Chamberlain, 2012;Lauchs, Keast, & Le, 2011;Lauchs, Keast, & Yousefpour, 2011;Wood, 1997). Additionally, more recent studies have demonstrated that corrupt officers operate within a network structure (i.e., an established pattern of relationships and exchanges), which allows officers to gain access to new resources, capabilities, opportunities and connections not readily available if these officers engaged in corrupt behaviour in isolation Lauchs, Keast, & Yousefpour, 2011;Lauchs & Staines, 2012). As a consequence of this collaboration, secrecy, loyalty, trust and reputation are significant elements that bond officers together, allowing them to operate covertly. Accordingly, because of this gap in the literature, the current research aimed to investigate why police officers engage in corruption, the role of trust in facilitating and bonding officers together to allow them to participate in large-scale or serious corruption, and the network structures that result from these relationships.Given the intent of the study is to investigate the complexities and characteristics of police corruption, a single embedded case study design was chosen to present a unique and focused investigation around this phenomenon. Documentary and social network analysis were used to examine the structures of these networks, as well as to provide an in-depth investigation of the factors that aid the operation of these police corruption networks. The overall findings of the study reveal that officers collaborated and operated under a network structure reinforced by a subculture of unwritten rules, codes and acceptance by senior officers. This network was found to be dynamic, shifting in structure, membership and activity, but remained highly clustered and cohesive around a few core actors in the network. Additionally, the corruption network operated on relationships based on collaborations of trust. Officers used trustworthiness attributes, personal experience and third party information to assess whether a fellow officer was trustworthy enough to be a member of the corruption network, which resulted in a 3 'pipeline' of trust. This pipeline of trust was essential for the development and daily functioning of the network, because it allowed members involved to operate with more confidence knowing that fellow members could be trusted to keep the corrupt activities hidden.A...

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Evolution of a drug trafficking network: Mapping changes in network structure and function across time

Cited by 90 publications

References 23 publications

‘C’ is for commercial collaboration: enterprise and structure in the ‘middle market’ of counterfeit alcohol distribution

‘C’ is for commercial collaboration: enterprise and structure in the ‘middle market’ of counterfeit alcohol distribution

Improving security decision under uncertainty: A multidisciplinary approach

Dark networks : criminal collaboration in Australian police forces

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