Evolution of the Cannabinoid and Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes

Abstract

The evolution of major cannabinoids and terpenes during the growth of Cannabis sativa plants was studied. In this work, seven different plants were selected: three each from chemotypes I and III and one from chemotype II. Fifty clones of each mother plant were grown indoors under controlled conditions. Every week, three plants from each variety were cut and dried, and the leaves and flowers were analyzed separately. Eight major cannabinoids were analyzed via HPLC-DAD, and 28 terpenes were quantified using GC-FID and verified via GC-MS. The chemotypes of the plants, as defined by the tetrahydrocannabinolic acid/cannabidiolic acid (THCA/CBDA) ratio, were clear from the beginning and stable during growth. The concentrations of the major cannabinoids and terpenes were determined, and different patterns were found among the chemotypes. In particular, the plants from chemotypes II and III needed more time to reach peak production of THCA, CBDA, and monoterpenes. Differences in the cannabigerolic acid development among the different chemotypes and between monoterpene and sesquiterpene evolution patterns were also observed. Plants of different chemotypes were clearly differentiated by their terpene content, and characteristic terpenes of each chemotype were identified.

Synthesis of (−)‐Cannabimovone and Structural Reassignment of Anhydrocannabimovone through Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization

“…More than 60 compounds, known as cannabinoids (a group of C 21 terpenophenolic compounds), are exclusively found in Cannabis sativa 2. Owing to the development of synthetic cannabinoids,3, 4 the unique components of Cannabis sativa are known as phytocannabinoids.…”

Atzoko baliabideak, biharko osasuna: ardo-hondakinak eta kannabisa

“…Bestetik, gernuan eta plasman kannabinoideak eta euren metabolitoak kuantifikatzeko metodo bat ere garatu genuen [13,15]. Azkenik, ikerketetan beharrezkoak izango diren konposatu puruen ekoizpena optimizatzeko eta horiek landareen hazkuntzan zehar duten garapena ulertzeko azterketa bat gauzatu genuen [13,16].…”

A Plant is NOT Medicine: Plant vs. Constituent Element

“…This, alone, is a staggering fact: there are at least 554 identified compounds in cannabis; the World Health Organization (2016) has put this number as high as 650 [14][15][16][17]. There are 113 known phytocannabinoids and 120 terpenes [18,19] in the plant material, as well. There are no neutral cannabinoids found in fresh plants [19].…”

“…There are 113 known phytocannabinoids and 120 terpenes [18,19] in the plant material, as well. There are no neutral cannabinoids found in fresh plants [19]. Natural does not mean neutral or benign.…”