Evolution of the central Mediterranean <i>Centaurea cineraria</i> group (Asteraceae): Evidence for relatively recent, allopatric diversification following transoceanic seed dispersal

Hilpold, Andreas; Schönswetter, Peter; Susanna, Alfonso; Garcia‐Jacas, Núria; Vilatersana, Roser

doi:10.1002/tax.602019

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…2, node 14). Their common ancestor was inferred to have been present in the northern Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas, from where dispersal to Sicily and further isolation led to the origin of C. pubescens, a route also proposed for other plant groups (e.g., Centaurea cineraria L. group: Hilpold & al., 2011;Edraianthus graminifolius: Surina & al., 2014). However, according to the cpDNA phylogeny ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Different speciation types meet in a Mediterranean genus: The biogeographic history ofCymbalaria(Plantaginaceae)

Carnicero

Sáez

Garcia‐Jacas

et al. 2017

TAXON

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Cymbalaria comprises ten species and six subspecies growing in rocky habitats in the Mediterranean Basin. Several features, such as the genus’ highly fragmented distribution as well as noticeable ecological differentiation between partially sympatric species and presence of ploidy barriers between species suggest the involvement of different speciation types in its evolution. The aims of this study were to test the monophyly of Cymbalaria and to reconstruct infrageneric phylogenetic relationships, to infer the genus’ biogeographic history by estimating divergence times and ancestral distribution areas of lineages, and to disentangle the role of different speciation types. To address these issues, we constructed a phylogeny with a complete taxon sampling based on ITS, 3′ETS, ndhF and rpl32‐trnL sequences. We used the nuclear ribosomal DNA data to produce a time‐calibrated phylogeny, which served as basis for estimating ploidy level evolution and biogeographic history. Cymbalaria was resolved as monophyletic. The genus originated ca. 4 Ma and three lineages segregated rapidly, one comprising solely C. microcalyx subsp. microcalyx and the other two corresponding to western and central‐eastern species, respectively. The main diversification events occurred after the onset of the Mediterranean climate and during Pleistocene climate oscillations. Both founder‐event speciation linked to long‐distance dispersal events and sympatric speciation were supported by the biogeographic analyses. In addition, at least two polyploid speciation events were inferred. Finally, conflicts between current taxonomy and the phylogeny at the species and subspecies level clearly show the need of more detailed integrative taxonomic studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…2). For C. fragilis, LDD was inferred (see subsection: The diversification of lineages), whereas in other cases, the low sea levels during the Pleistocene glaciation periods may have favoured stepping-stone dispersal (e.g., Campanulaceae: Cellinese & al., 2009; Centaurea cineraria group: Hilpold & al., 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different speciation types meet in a Mediterranean genus: The biogeographic history ofCymbalaria(Plantaginaceae)

Carnicero

Sáez

Garcia‐Jacas

et al. 2017

TAXON

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“…2B) shows a genetic affinity between populations from southern Sicily and eastern Algeria. The larger number of ribotypes found in North African populations (in comparison to Sicilian ones) might indicate the direction of gene flow from Algeria towards Sicily, as suggested for other plant groups (e.g., Hilpold & al., 2011;Lo Presti & Oberprieler, 2011), although this is difficult to assure based on the present data. The genetic similarities between populations in eastern Algeria and southern Sicily could be explained by land connections during the MSC (Rosenbaum & al., 2002) or by dispersal events.…”

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confidence: 76%

Systematics and phylogeography of the Mediterranean Helichrysum pendulum complex (Compositae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA and morphometric analyses

Herrando‐Moraira

Carnicero

Blanco‐Moreno

et al. 2017

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Multiple factors related to complex geomorphological and climatic history, in addition to biological factors such as hybridization, hinder the definition of some Mediterranean plant groups. The existence of controversial taxonomic treatments, the possible hybridization events involved, and its unknown evolutionary history, make the Helichrysum pendulum complex of H. sect. Stoechadina an ideal model to understand general processes of Mediterranean plant systematics and evolution. The mosaic range of the complex, which is distributed over several islands and continental areas in the western-central Mediterranean Basin, provides an opportunity to investigate how past connections and disconnections between landmasses may have determined the current geographic distribution of genetic variation in this area. The cpDNA region rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer and the nrDNA region ETS were sequenced for 1-8 individuals from each of the 44 populations sampled, covering all taxa and the whole geographic range of the complex. These individuals were analysed together with a broad sampling of the remaining members of sect.Stoechadina. In addition, detailed multivariate analyses of morphological characters were performed for the whole section and for the H. pendulum complex. Considering together distinctive genetic and morphological traits, our species concept is presented and discussed in a context of integrative taxonomy, and five species are recognized within the complex: H. errerae, H. melitense, H. pendulum, H. saxatile and H. valentinum. The first three species are recognizable by qualitative and quantitative morphological traits, and are genetically distinguishable from the rest as shown by the molecular markers analysed. The two last species are reported here to have a putative ancient hybrid origin and are also genetically distinguishable from the rest but morphologically recognisable only by quantitative characters. Phylogenetic relationships shown by nuclear and chloroplast markers, and an intermediate morphology between the two putative parental taxa, point to H. pendulum and H. italicum as the putative parental taxa for H. saxatile, and H. pendulum and H. stoechas as putative parental taxa for H. valentinum. In a discriminant analysis of the five species, 97.8% of all individuals were classified correctly. The high level of haplotype and ribotype diversity observed in North Africa indicates that this region is either the area of origin of the complex or a secondary contact zone. Our results suggest that the complex colonized several islands and migrated through the Gibraltar and Sicilian Straits during phases of low sea level, favoured by local dispersal events that promoted its gradual range expansion. The occurrence of the complex in the Balearic Islands, which have remained isolated even during low sea level phases, could be explained by stochastic long-distance dispersal events.

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“…Chromosomal rearrangements and hybridization have also played a key role in the rapid speciation of several endemic lineages in Mediterranean islands (Verlaque et al 1995). In central Mediterranean islands, the taxa of the Centaurea cinerea group had long been assumed to be old relics; however, molecular dating now indicates more recent (less than 250,000 years) allopatric diversification (Hilpold et al 2011). Some well-studied examples are also found in the Aegean islands like the obligate chasmophytes of Erysimum sect.…”

Section: Recent Plant Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The specific vulnerability of plant biodiversity and vegetation on Mediterranean islands in the face of global change

2017

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To cite this version:Frederic Medail. The specific vulnerability of plant biodiversity and vegetation on Mediterranean islands in the face of global change.Abstract The numerous Mediterranean islands ([10,000) are very important from a biodiversity point of view, both in term of plant species (numerous endemics, presence of 'climate relicts') and of ecosystems' assemblage. These patterns can be explained by complex interactions between a highly heterogeneous historical biogeography and ecological processes related to diverse island conditions. Furthermore, most of the ups and downs of this biodiversity were closely linked with human pressures which have changed many times through the long socio-ecological history of these island landscapes since the Neolithic period. At present, insular plant biodiversity and rural landscapes are threatened by diverse global environmental changes related to urbanization, habitat fragmentation, unsustainable tourism and other practices (e.g. overgrazing, forest fires), and by other more recent drivers such as climate warming and aridification, sea-level rise and biological invasions. Some of these impacts will be exacerbated on islands because of no (or highly limited) adjacent areas of expansion, notably on the smallest ones (i.e. size \ ca. 1000 ha). With regards to the biome crisis facing the Mediterranean basin and induced by human activities, islands constitute key ecological systems and 'current refugia' to ensure the long-term preservation of coastal plant biodiversity. They also represent fascinating ecological systems to disentangle the role of environmental versus human pressures on spatially simplified communities of the Mediterranean coastal areas. Future detailed studies of these 'natural island microcosms' could greatly improve our knowledge of the functional and evolutionary processes induced by rapid environmental changes in this region.

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Evolution of the central Mediterranean Centaurea cineraria group (Asteraceae): Evidence for relatively recent, allopatric diversification following transoceanic seed dispersal

Cited by 33 publications

References 67 publications

Different speciation types meet in a Mediterranean genus: The biogeographic history ofCymbalaria(Plantaginaceae)

Different speciation types meet in a Mediterranean genus: The biogeographic history ofCymbalaria(Plantaginaceae)

Systematics and phylogeography of the Mediterranean Helichrysum pendulum complex (Compositae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA and morphometric analyses

The specific vulnerability of plant biodiversity and vegetation on Mediterranean islands in the face of global change

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