Evolution of the grass leaf by primordium extension and petiole-lamina remodeling

Richardson, Annis; Cheng, Jie; Johnston, Robyn; Kennaway, Richard; Conlon, Brianne R; Rebocho, Alexandra B.; Kong, Hongzhi; Scanlon, Michael J.; Hake, Sarah; Coen, Enrico

doi:10.1126/science.abf9407

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thus, the number of long veins positively correlates with the width of the blade (Colbert & Evert, 1982; Russell & Evert, 1985; Dannenhoffer et al ., 1990). Plant hormones play critical roles in leaf development, and how they shape proximal–distal (PD) growth and polarity in grass leaves has been extensively studied (Nelissen et al ., 2012; De Vos et al ., 2020; Richardson et al ., 2021; Jathar et al ., 2022). However, how plant hormones regulate coordinated ML growth and vein formation in grass leaves is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal control of medial–lateral growth and vein formation in the maize leaf

Robil

McSteen

2023

New Phytologist

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Summary Parallel veins are characteristic of monocots, including grasses (Poaceae). Therefore, how parallel veins develop as the leaf grows in the medial–lateral (ML) dimension is a key question in grass leaf development. Using fluorescent protein reporters, we mapped auxin, cytokinin (CK), and gibberellic acid (GA) response patterns in maize (Zea mays) leaf primordia. We further defined the roles of these hormones in ML growth and vein formation through combinatorial genetic analyses and measurement of hormone concentrations. We discovered a novel pattern of auxin response in the adaxial protoderm that we hypothesize has important implications for the orderly formation of 3° veins early in leaf development. In addition, we found an auxin transport and response pattern in the margins that correlate with the transition from ML to proximal–distal growth. We present evidence that auxin efflux precedes CK response in procambial strand development. We also determined that GA plays an early role in the shoot apical meristem as well as a later role in the primordium to restrict ML growth. We propose an integrative model whereby auxin regulates ML growth and vein formation in the maize leaf through control of GA and CK.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal control of medial–lateral growth and vein formation in the maize leaf

Robil

McSteen

2023

New Phytologist

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“…Plants regularly develop new organs from meristems through ordered processes of cell expansion and division (Richardson et al., 2021 ; Sluis & Hake, 2015 ). Because development continues throughout the plant lifespan, plants must coordinate growth and developmental patterning with dynamic changes in their environment and physiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liguleless narrow and narrow odd dwarf act in overlapping pathways to regulate maize development and metabolism

et al. 2022

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Narrow odd dwarf (nod) and Liguleless narrow (Lgn) are pleiotropic maize mutants that both encode plasma membrane proteins, cause similar developmental patterning defects, and constitutively induce stress signaling pathways. To investigate how these mutants coordinate maize development and physiology, we screened for protein interactors of NOD by affinity purification. LGN was identified by this screen as a strong candidate interactor, and we confirmed the NOD-LGN molecular interaction through orthogonal experiments. We further demonstrated that LGN, a receptor-like kinase, can phosphorylate NOD in vitro, hinting that they could act in intersecting signal transduction pathways. To test this hypothesis, we generated Lgn-R;nod mutants in two backgrounds (B73 and A619), and found that these mutations enhance each other, causing more severe developmental defects than either single mutation on its own, with phenotypes including very narrow leaves, increased tillering, and failure of the main shoot. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the single and double mutants in the two genetic backgrounds revealed widespread induction of pathogen defense genes and a shift in resource allocation away from primary metabolism in favor of specialized metabolism. These effects were similar in each single mutant and heightened in the double mutant, leading us to conclude that NOD and LGN act cumulatively in overlapping signaling pathways to coordinate growth-defense tradeoffs in maize.

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“…This work demonstrates the potential of synthetic genetic circuits to control gene expression across tissues and reprogram plant growth. R ecent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving plant development have identified key regulators of agronomic traits, but our limited ability to control gene expression in plants is a barrier to applying this knowledge (1,2). Indeed, it remains challenging to express genes in specific patterns in plants, especially if those patterns are outside the reach of native promoters (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthetic genetic circuits as a means of reprogramming plant roots

Brophy

Magallon

Duan

et al. 2022

Science

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The shape of a plant’s root system influences its ability to reach essential nutrients in the soil and to acquire water during drought. Progress in engineering plant roots to optimize water and nutrient acquisition has been limited by our capacity to design and build genetic programs that alter root growth in a predictable manner. We developed a collection of synthetic transcriptional regulators for plants that can be compiled to create genetic circuits. These circuits control gene expression by performing Boolean logic operations and can be used to predictably alter root structure. This work demonstrates the potential of synthetic genetic circuits to control gene expression across tissues and reprogram plant growth.

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Evolution of the grass leaf by primordium extension and petiole-lamina remodeling

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Hormonal control of medial–lateral growth and vein formation in the maize leaf

Hormonal control of medial–lateral growth and vein formation in the maize leaf

Liguleless narrow and narrow odd dwarf act in overlapping pathways to regulate maize development and metabolism

Synthetic genetic circuits as a means of reprogramming plant roots

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