“…For more than 100 000 years, natural materials have been incorporated into paints and coatings for decoration and protection. [1] From rudimentary combinations of naturally available colorants including ochre, [2] bone ash, calcite, [3] charcoal, [4] and lapis lazuli, [5] blended into animal fat [6] and oils [7] to engineered coatings featuring synthetic pigments, paints are versatile tools for applications ranging from prolonging the service lifetime of buildings [8] and infrastructure [9] to design and selfexpression. In modern formulation science, precise combinations of natural and synthetic materials, including pigments, soluble dyes, dispersing agents, and supplemental additives (e.g., fillers, extenders, and texture control agents) [10] are employed to achieve target color and gloss values in a wide variety of paint matrices (e.g., synthetic and natural resins, lacquers, thermosetting systems).…”