Evolution of Views on the Development and Implementation of Modern Surgical Magnetic Instruments on the Case of Inflammatory Penetrating Injuries of the Breast

Abstract

Summary. The arms — to analyze the evolution of the development of modern surgical instruments in gunshot wounds chest.
 Materials and methods. 80 cases of using a modern magnetic surgical instrument for penetrating gunshot wounds of the chest were analyzed. Intraoperatively used: a magnetic multifunctional tool for the diagnosis and removal of metallic ferromagnetic foreign bodies, a flexible device for removing ferromagnetic foreign bodies, a magnetic tool for endovideoscopic diagnosis and removal of metallic ferromagnetic foreign bodies from the abdominal and pleural cavities, a magnetic nozzle for video endoscopic surgical interventions. When removing metal foreign bodies, the following methods were used: a method for preliminary determination of the material and properties of a foreign body, a method for video endoscopic laser visualization of the internal organs of the abdominal and pleural cavities.
 Results. Foreign bodies of the pleural cavity were diagnosed in 80 (100 %) wounded according to СT. Ferromagnetic metal foreign bodies of a gunshot origin of the pleural cavity were removed both during thoracotomy or minithoracotomy, and during thoracoscopic surgical interventions using the method of video endoscopic laser visualization of the internal organs of the abdominal and pleural cavities. The most convenient tool was the endoscopic magnetic tool for removing foreign bodies from the pleural or abdominal cavities. A magnetic nozzle for video endoscopic surgical interventions allows navigation both in the pleural cavity and along the wound channel.
 Conclusions.
 1. The development of a surgical magnetic instrument was phased and began with the improvement of a surgical magnetic instrument to remove ferromagnetic foreign bodies of soft tissues.
 2. The improvement of the tool took place as the restrictions on the use of the existing tool were established, which was a prerequisite for the development of a new tool.
 3. It is advisable to create a special set of surgical magnetic instruments for video endoscopic surgery.