Evolutionary Assurance<i>vs</i>. Mixed Mating

Ruan, Chengjiang; Silva, Jaime A. Teixeira da

doi:10.1080/07352689.2011.645442

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…These results make this group an important subject for apomixis investigations, not only because of evolutionary and ecological implications, but also because of their high economic potential in pharmacology (Gentry ; Uchino et al . ; De Andrade et al . ), since apomictic and self‐fertile species may facilitate genetic breeding programmes (Asker & Jerling ; Koltunow ; Hörandl ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings that A. acutifolium is a polyploid, sporophytic apomictic (Sampaio 2010;Firetti-Leggieri et al 2011) and self-fertile species provide reproductive assurance in extreme situations of small populations, populations with restricted genotypes, absence of specialised pollinators or colonisation scenarios (Stebbins 1971;Asker & Jerling 1992;Levin 2002;Hörandl 2010;Ruan & Silva 2012). The occurrence of polyploidy and polyembryony in other species of the genus Anemopaegma of probable hybrid origin (Sampaio 2010;Firetti-Leggieri et al 2011) suggest the existence of an agamic polyploid complex in this group, as postulated for some species of Handroanthus (Piazzano 1998;Costa et al 2004;Bittencourt & Semir 2005;Bittencourt & Moraes 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating in the pseudogamic apomicticAnemopaegma acutifoliumDC: another case of pseudo‐self‐compatibility inBignoniaceae?

2012

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Self-compatibility in apomictic pseudogamic species is considered fundamental to assure reproduction by seeds in extreme situations, making apomictic species more advantageous than sexual ones in these scenarios. Anemopaegma acutifolium is a polyploidy, apomictic sporophytic species with no endosperm development in ovules of unpollinated pistils, which indicates obligate pseudogamy. Thus, the aim of the present work is to study the breeding system and post-pollination events to test if there is similar pseudogamous development irrespective of pollination treatment. We analysed fruit and seed set obtained in controlled experimental pollinations, as well as embryo number per seed, and the progress of ovule penetration, fertilisation and early endosperm development between self- and cross-pollinated pistils. We found that the species is self-fertile and that spontaneous selfing fruit set is also possible, although emasculated flowers never form fruits. Selfed pistils were as efficient as crossed ones for all parameters analysed, except for a delay in endosperm development observed in the former that may be an effect of the late-acting self-incompatibility. Therefore, the avoidance of selfed pistil abortion seems to be promoted by the presence of adventitious embryos and a normal endosperm. We conclude that A. acutifolium shows apomixis-related pseudo-self-compatibility, as in other self-fertile apomictic species of Bignoniaceae, which confer reproductive assurance and increases fruit-set and persistence ability in fast-changing tropical habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating in the pseudogamic apomicticAnemopaegma acutifoliumDC: another case of pseudo‐self‐compatibility inBignoniaceae?

2012

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“…However, we found that its mating system is predominatly of outcrossing. A mixed-mating system can combine advantages of both reproductive strategies: outcrossing promotes genetic diversity when pollinators are abundant, while self-fertilization may ensure reproduction when pollinators are scarce or absent (Goodwillie, Kalisz & Eckert, 2005; Ruan & Teixeira da Silva, 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history and past demography maintain genetic structure, outcrossing rate, contemporary pollen gene flow of an understory herb in a highly fragmented rainforest

Suárez-Montes

Chávez‐Pesqueira

Núñez‐Farfán

2016

PeerJ

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IntroductionTheory predicts that habitat fragmentation, by reducing population size and increasing isolation among remnant populations, can alter their genetic diversity and structure. A cascade of effects is expected: genetic drift and inbreeding after a population bottleneck, changes in biotic interactions that may affect, as in the case of plants, pollen dynamics, mating system, reproductive success. The detection of the effects of contemporary habitat fragmentation on the genetic structure of populations are conditioned by the magnitude of change, given the few number of generations since the onset of fragmentation, especially for long-lived organisms. However, the present-day genetic structure of populations may bear the signature of past demography events. Here, we examine the effects of rainforest fragmentation on the genetic diversity, population structure, mating system (outcrossing rate), indirect gene flow and contemporary pollen dynamics in the understory herb Aphelandra aurantiaca. Also, we assessed its present-day genetic structure under different past demographic scenarios.MethodsTwelve populations of A. aurantiaca were sampled in large (4), medium (3), and small (5) forest fragments in the lowland tropical rainforest at Los Tuxtlas region. Variation at 11 microsatellite loci was assessed in 28–30 reproductive plants per population. In two medium- and two large-size fragments we estimated the density of reproductive plants, and the mating system by analyzing the progeny of different mother plants per population.ResultsDespite prevailing habitat fragmentation, populations of A. aurantiaca possess high genetic variation (He = 0.61), weak genetic structure (Rst = 0.037), and slight inbreeding in small fragments. Effective population sizes (Ne) were large, but slightly lower in small fragments. Migrants derive mostly from large and medium size fragments. Gene dispersal is highly restricted but long distance gene dispersal events were detected. Aphelandra aurantiaca shows a mixed mating system (tm = 0.81) and the outcrossing rate have not been affected by habitat fragmentation. A strong pollen pool structure was detected due to few effective pollen donors (Nep) and low distance pollen movement, pointing that most plants received pollen from close neighbors. Past demographic fluctuations may have affected the present population genetic structure as Bayesian coalescent analysis revealed the signature of past population expansion, possibly during warmer conditions after the last glacial maximum.DiscussionHabitat fragmentation has not increased genetic differentiation or reduced genetic diversity of A. aurantiaca despite dozens of generations since the onset of fragmentation in the region of Los Tuxtlas. Instead, past population expansion is compatible with the lack of observed genetic structure. The predicted negative effects of rainforest fragmentation on genetic diversity and population structure of A. aurantiaca seem to have been buffered owing to its large effective populations and long-distance disper...

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“…selfing or mating among relatives). Even if autogamy gives benefits in terms of reproductive assurance (Ruan and Teixeira da Silva ), selfed progenies may show a reduced fitness and survival (Uyenoyama et al ). According to Charlesworth and Charlesworth (), inbreeding depression can be due to the presence of (partially)‐recessive deleterious mutations in homozygous state and mortality may result from the expression of lethal alleles.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of pollination mode on seed performance of Gentiana lutea: a laboratory evaluation of seed germinability

Rossi

Fisogni

Galloni

2016

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Gentiana lutea L. (yellow gentian, Gentianaceae) is a protected orophyte of central and southern Europe, mainly threatened by the uncontrolled collection of its rhizome, used in traditional medicine and for liquor production. The species is selfcompatible, but outcrossing mediated by pollinators is needed to obtain a viable progeny. In this study, we considered five natural populations belonging to the four subspecies of G. lutea. We performed controlled pollinations in the field (self-versus cross-pollination) followed by seed germination tests in laboratory conditions, adding a solution of gibberellic acid, in order to evaluate the seed performance. A cumulative index of inbreeding depression was calculated considering maternal reproductive output as well as seed performance traits. Seed weight and seed germination performance was similar between seeds resulting from naturally pollinated and pollen-augmented flowers and higher compared to selfed flowers, highlighting a disadvantage of selfing and the importance of cross-pollen transfer in natural conditions. However, in the small and isolated population of G. lutea subsp. symphyandra on Mt Grande we found a general reduction in seed germination rate, likely due to increased selfing or mating among close relatives as a consequence of a severe bottleneck. We discuss our results with regards to implications for conservation practices.

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Evolutionary Assurancevs. Mixed Mating

Cited by 15 publications

References 137 publications

Mating in the pseudogamic apomicticAnemopaegma acutifoliumDC: another case of pseudo‐self‐compatibility inBignoniaceae?

Mating in the pseudogamic apomicticAnemopaegma acutifoliumDC: another case of pseudo‐self‐compatibility inBignoniaceae?

Life history and past demography maintain genetic structure, outcrossing rate, contemporary pollen gene flow of an understory herb in a highly fragmented rainforest

The effect of pollination mode on seed performance of Gentiana lutea: a laboratory evaluation of seed germinability

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