Evolving magma temperature and volatile contents over the 2008–2018 summit eruption of Kīlauea Volcano

Abstract

Magma rheology and volatile contents exert primary and highly nonlinear controls on volcanic activity. Subtle changes in these magma properties can modulate eruption style and hazards, making in situ inference of their temporal evolution vital for volcano monitoring. Here, we study thousands of impulsive magma oscillations within the shallow conduit and lava lake of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, USA, over the 2008–2018 summit eruptive sequence, encoded by “very-long-period” seismic events and ground deformation. Inversion of these data with a petrologically informed model of magma dynamics reveals significant variation in temperature and highly disequilibrium volatile contents over days to years, within a transport network that evolved over the eruption. Our results suggest a framework for inferring subsurface magma dynamics associated with prolonged eruptions in near real time that synthesizes petrologic and geophysical volcano monitoring approaches.

A Computational Framework for Time‐Dependent Deformation in Viscoelastic Magmatic Systems

“…In this way we isolate the frequency dependence of the viscoelastic rheology, and develop a transfer function approach using analytic functions to predict material response. This idealization might approximate some magmatic forcing scenarios, such as cyclic stress from seismic waves, periodic magma injection, or glacial cycles, and we note that quasi-periodic deformation at multiple frequencies has been observed in long-term geodetic timeseries (Crozier & Karlstrom, 2022). Our approach also implies a superposition framework for studying much more general time evolution.…”

A computational framework for time dependent deformation in viscoelastic magmatic systems

“…In this way we isolate the frequency dependence of the viscoelastic rheology, and develop a transfer function approach using analytic functions to predict material response. This idealization might approximate some magmatic forcing scenarios, such as cyclic stress from seismic waves, periodic magma injection, or glacial cycles, and we note that quasi-periodic deformation at multiple frequencies has been observed in long-term geodetic timeseries (Crozier & Karlstrom, 2022). But this approach also implies a superposition framework for studying much more general time evolution.…”

Tracking changes in magma transport from very-long-period seismic signals at Piton de la Fournaise volcano

“…Although this is a first time observation at Piton de la Fournaise, VLP signals resulting from the resonance of magmatic dikes and conduits have been observed at several volcanoes, with oscillation properties providing information about the dynamics of subsurface magma transport (Chouet and Matoza, 2013;Josh Crozier and Karlstrom, 2022;Kumagai et al, 2003;Legrand and Perton, 2022;Niu and Song, 2021). The lack of previous VLP detections at Piton de la Fournaise results from two main factors.…”

“…Inversion of VLP waveforms have imaged various dike, sill and conduit geometries along with more complicated configurations (Aster et al, 2003;Cesca et al, 2020;Chouet and Matoza, 2013;Kumagai et al, 2003;Legrand and Perton, 2022;Liang et al, 2020;Niu and Song, 2021;Ohminato et al, 1998). When such events occur in a repetitive fashion, they can also be used to track the time evolution of magma properties and transport (Josh Crozier and Karlstrom, 2022;Kumagai, 2006). Only few long-period (LP) and very-long-period (VLP) events have been previously reported at Piton de la Fournaise (Aki and Ferrazzini, 2000;Duputel and Rivera, 2019;Fontaine et al, 2019;Zecevic et al, 2013).…”