Ex Situ Conservation of Wild Plant Species: Time to Reassess the Genetic Assumptions and Implications of Seed Banks

Hamilton, Matthew B.

doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010039.x

Cited by 106 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Hartl and Clark (1989) suggested that the average time a neutral allele will persist in a population is a function of population size and the allele's initial frequency. Given that seed banks are temporary storehouses of genetic variation, the rate of loss or change in allele frequency under the effects of storage and removal is likely to be higher than for natural populations, particularly since the collection is only a sample of the variation within the source population (Hamilton 1994). Though a concern, the phenomenon may not be as significant as the effects of poor sampling in the field and poor regeneration practices.…”

Section: Ex Situ Conservation Of Orchidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ Conservation and Cryopreservation of Orchid Germplasm

Merritt

Hay

Swarts

et al. 2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. Orchids are among the most enigmatic of plant species. Yet the Orchidaceae comprises more species at risk of extinction than any other plant family. The collection and storage of orchid germplasmprincipally seeds and associated mycorrhizal fungi but also protocorm-like bodies using encapsulation and vitrification techniques-allows for secure ex situ conservation. This article reviews the approaches and techniques used for the ex situ conservation of orchid germplasm, with a focus on seed banking and the use of cryopreservation techniques to improve the longevity of germplasm.Pivotal results. It is increasingly apparent that cryopreservation-the storage of germplasm at ultra-low temperatures (e.g., in liquid nitrogen)-is required for the long-term and low-maintenance conservation of all types of orchid germplasm. For orchid seeds, desiccation tolerance is common, but longevity in storage is poor. Cryopreservation of orchid seeds shows promise, but some complexities in low-temperature storage behavior still require explanation and resolution. The application of more advanced cryopreservation techniques, including encapsulation-dehydration and vitrification, is becoming increasingly common. These techniques provide for the simultaneous storage of orchid propagules with their compatible fungus, while for seeds, vitrification techniques show potential for improving tolerance to the stresses of cryopreservation. Conclusions.A renewed focus on describing the low-temperature storage physiology of orchid seeds to more precisely define the relationship between seed water content, storage temperature, and seed survival is required, as is perhaps the wider adoption of the use of cryoprotectants for seeds. This research, coupled with the development of improved methods of seed viability testing, will support the growing work of germplasm banks to protect orchid biodiversity in the face of habitat loss and potential species extinction.

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Section: Ex Situ Conservation Of Orchidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ Conservation and Cryopreservation of Orchid Germplasm

Merritt

Hay

Swarts

et al. 2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…Taking this into consideration, it appears that a more feasible approach for protecting P. mira Koehne germ plasm would be ex situ conversation based on seed banks. [32] Thus, for the purpose of ex situ conversation, samples of high quality should be collected from different populations. Although this study and our previous ones [17,29] covered a considerable area, the number of P. mira Koehne accessions collected is still limited.…”

Section: Conservation Recommendations For Prunus Mira Koehnementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of genetic diversity onPrunus miraKoehne by using ISSR and RAPD markers

Tian

Xing

Cao

et al. 2015

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Peach (Prunus mira L.; 2n D 16), which originated in China, is a fruit tree widely cultivated all over the world with high economic value. Prunus mira Koehne is a wild species distributed in Tibet with special medicinal and ecological values. To conserve its breeding and germ plasm resources, two DNA-based molecular markers, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), were used for genetic diversity evaluations of 48 samples from three regions, including Tibet (XZ), Henan Province (HN) and Heilongjiang Province (HLJ), in this study. High levels of polymorphism were observed: 77.80% (ISSR) and 72.73% (RAPD), which indicated that ISSR and RAPD were efficient methods to detect the genetic diversity of P. mira Koehne. The samples from Tibet preserved higher genetic diversity and most genetic variations occurred among populations. There was no significant relationship observed between the genetic distance of populations and their geographic distribution. For conservation of P. mira Koehne, ex situ conservation is a suitable strategy that needs to be established in the future.

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“…Las accesiones recolectadas son caracterizadas, catalogadas y registradas en una base de datos para el control de la trazabilidad del germoplasma, desde que entran en la colección hasta que salen en forma de planta para los trabajos de restitución en campo, metodología basada en lo indicado por Bacchetta et al (2008) y fundamentada en determinados trabajos básicos (Falk, 1987;Cohen et al, 1991;Hamilton, 1994;Iriondo, 2001;Linington & Pritchard, 2001; IPGRI/FAO/FLD, 2004), y que en concreto para la flora valenciana ya fuera expuesta por Ferrer-Gallego et al (2013a).…”

Section: Materials Y Métodosunclassified