Ex vivo human skin experiments for the evaluation of safety of new cold atmospheric plasma devices

Isbary, Georg; Koeritzer, Julia; Mitra, Anindita; Li, Yang‐Fang; Shimizu, Tetsuji; Schroeder, Josef; Schlegel, Jürgen; Morfill, G. E.; Stolz, Wilhelm; Zimmermann, Julia L.

doi:10.1016/j.cpme.2012.10.001

Cited by 65 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…On the other hand, CAP systems have a versatile nature that allows for instance the adjustment of ozone concentrations . In addition, recent studies revealed that SMD air plasma does not harm human tissue cells, while being operated at bactericidal dosages …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of Nosocomial Bacteria IncludingClostridium difficileSpores on Dry Inanimate Surface by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Klämpfl

Shimizu

Koch

et al. 2014

Plasma Process. Polym.

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Microbial control is important to prevent nosocomial infections. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is studied as an alternative disinfectant for dry surfaces. Bacterial endospores including Clostridium difficile and vegetative bacteria including Enterococcus faecium are treated on carriers, considering European testing standards. CAP reduces the spore load (106 cfu) by at least 3 log10 as required, independent from the bioburden (≤10 min treatments). Only a 2 log10 reduction is achieved with vegetative bacteria due to multilayer formation resulting from a higher required load (108 cfu). However, densities <10−7 cfu cm−2 enable disinfection by CAP. Elemental mapping identified other influencing burden. Overall, this study demonstrates possibilities and limitations of CAP treatment for disinfecting purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of Nosocomial Bacteria IncludingClostridium difficileSpores on Dry Inanimate Surface by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Klämpfl

Shimizu

Koch

et al. 2014

Plasma Process. Polym.

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“…Different CAP systems, including the air plasma torch 12,21 and floating-electrode dielectric barrier discharge, 9,10,29 have proven to rapidly coagulate blood in vitro and in vivo with no effect to the surrounding tissues. 9,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] A method of comparison between systems is needed to assess different treatment parameters such as time and distance from the plasma source. In the present study, we demonstrated a method for comparing the clotting capabilities of different CAP systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Assessment of Blood Coagulation by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Heslin¹,

Boehm²,

Milosavljević³

et al. 2014

Plasma Med

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Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is produced by ionizing a chosen gas, thereby creating charged and reactive species. The reactive species generated are capable of inducing a range of biomedically relevant interactions including blood coagulation. However, the underlying biochemical processes of plasma-assisted blood coagulation are largely unknown, and data quantifying blood clot formation or the impact of system parameters on the intensity of the blood clot are scarce. In this study, blood coagulation was quantified by measuring hemoglobin absorbance. System parameters of the kINPen plasma jet were investigated and compared, including treatment time, distance from the plasma source and gas flow rate. These investigations were combined with optical emission spectroscopy to associate the species generated in the plasma effluent with the effect on coagulation efficiency. In this study, we have proposed a method to quantitatively assess plasma-induced blood coagulation to directly compare the clotting capabilities of other plasma systems and to explicate the mechanism of plasma-assisted blood coagulation.

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“…Up to now, clinical research in plasma medicine has been mainly focused on application in dermatology and aesthetic surgery for the purposes of tissue regeneration in order to improve healing of infected or chronic wounds as well as to treat infective and inflamed skin diseases [9–13]. Since topical treatment is one of the leading medical approaches for plasma applications, skin damage caused by non-thermal plasma needs to be carefully evaluated [9, 14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety aspects of atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet operation on skin: In vivo study on mouse skin

et al. 2017

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Biomedical applications of plasma require its efficacy for specific purposes and equally importantly its safety. Herein the safety aspects of cold plasma created with simple atmospheric pressure plasma jet produced with helium gas and electrode discharge are evaluated in skin damage on mouse, at different duration of exposure and gas flow rates. The extent of skin damage and treatments are systematically evaluated using stereomicroscope, labelling with fluorescent dyes, histology, infrared imaging and optical emission spectroscopy. The analyses reveal early and late skin damages as a consequence of plasma treatment, and are attributed to direct and indirect effects of plasma. The results indicate that direct skin damage progresses with longer treatment time and increasing gas flow rates which reflect changes in plasma properties. With increasing flow rates, the temperature on treated skin grows and the RONS formation rises. The direct effects were plasma treatment dependent, whereas the disclosed late—secondary effects were more independent on discharge parameters and related to diffusion of RONS species. Thermal effects and skin heating are related to plasma-coupling properties and are separated from the effects of other RONS. It is demonstrated that cumulative topical treatment with helium plasma jet could lead to skin damage. How these damages can be mitigated is discussed in order to provide guidance, when using atmospheric pressure plasma jets for skin treatments.

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Ex vivo human skin experiments for the evaluation of safety of new cold atmospheric plasma devices

Cited by 65 publications

References 34 publications

Decontamination of Nosocomial Bacteria IncludingClostridium difficileSpores on Dry Inanimate Surface by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Decontamination of Nosocomial Bacteria IncludingClostridium difficileSpores on Dry Inanimate Surface by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Quantitative Assessment of Blood Coagulation by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Safety aspects of atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet operation on skin: In vivo study on mouse skin

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