Exact Plane-Wave Expansion With Directional Spectrum: Application to Transmitting and Receiving Antennas

Hansen, Thorkild B.

doi:10.1109/tap.2014.2327128

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The plane wave can be divided into propagating waves and evanescent waves [6], and the coupling between antennas is caused by the joint action of propagating waves and evanescent waves. When the antenna spacing is much smaller than half a wavelength, the effect of the evanescent wave is more obvious than the propagating wave, making the coupling between antennas extremely strong [7] [8]. The role of coupling in antenna array, however, is often ignored in traditional communication research [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Matrix-based Beamforming for Superdirective Antenna Arrays

Liangcheng¹,

Yin²,

Marzetta³

2022

Preprint

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In most multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, e.g., Massive MIMO, the antenna spacing is generally no less than half a wavelength. It helps to reduce the mutual coupling and therefore facilitate the system design. The maximum array gain is the number of antennas in this settings. However, when the antenna spacing is made very small, the array gain of a compact array can be proportional to the square of the number of antennas -a value much larger than the traditional array. To achieve this so-called "superdirectivity" however, the calculation of the excitation coefficients (beamforming vector) is known to be a challenging problem. In this paper, we derive the beamforming vector of superdirective arrays based on a novel coupling matrix-enabled method. We also propose an approach to obtain the coupling matrix, which is derived by the spherical wave expansion method and active element pattern. The full-wave electromagnetic simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Simulation results show that when the beamforming vector obtained by our method is applied, the directivity of the designed dipole antenna array has a good agreement with the theoretical values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Matrix-based Beamforming for Superdirective Antenna Arrays

Liangcheng¹,

Yin²,

Marzetta³

2022

Preprint

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“…In this method, a cosine window function was introduced into the translation operator, which made the translation operator directional. Recently, a complex source beam (CSB) method has been introduced for the translation operator [10] and plane-wave expansion for the directional spectrum [11]. The CSB is obtained by introducing an imaginary part for the independent variable in the translation operator, which also makes the translation operator directional.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Source Beam Method for EM Scattering From PEC Objects

Ding

Fan

Tao

et al. 2015

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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This letter proposes a fast method that combines the complex-source beam (CSB) and multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) for electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems. The CSB for the MLFMA is obtained by introducing an imaginary part for the independent variable of the spherical Hankel function in the translation operator, which makes the translation operator directional. Furthermore, a window function is introduced in the translation operator to make it more directional. A large part of the angular translation operators are then discarded with an angle threshold. Numerical examples demonstrate that the translation operator memory cost can be reduced significantly compared to the MLFMA, and more accurate results can be obtained compared to the ray-propagation multilevel fast multipole algorithm (RP-MLFMA).Index Terms-Complex-source beam (CSB), electromagnetic scattering, multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA), ray-propagation fast multipole algorithm (RP-MLFMA), window function.

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“…Indeed, it is well known that the number of degrees of freedom present in the interaction between two sets of scatterers is inversely proportional to their distance [6], [7]. This property has been recently exploited in [8] to obtain an exact plane-wave expansion with a number of terms depending on the source-receiver locations. The representation in [8] is based on the use of a Gaussian translation operator [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This property has been recently exploited in [8] to obtain an exact plane-wave expansion with a number of terms depending on the source-receiver locations. The representation in [8] is based on the use of a Gaussian translation operator [9]. On the other hand, the FIPWA presents the drawback of requiring the evaluation of the radiation pattern of the subdomains at arbitrary complex values of the vector wavenumber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonics-Based Inhomogeneous Plane-Wave Method (HIPW)

Martini

Craeye

Özdemir

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A formulation is presented for fast interactions between subdomains in two-dimensional (2-D) scattering problems. The formulation combines inhomogeneous plane waves with cylindrical harmonic decompositions of fields radiated by the subdomains. It is shown that the complexity of interactions naturally decays with the distance between subdomains and that very few elementary operations are involved at the lowest level. An example of iterative solution for scattering by a collection of cylinders validates the proposed approach.

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Exact Plane-Wave Expansion With Directional Spectrum: Application to Transmitting and Receiving Antennas

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Coupling Matrix-based Beamforming for Superdirective Antenna Arrays

Coupling Matrix-based Beamforming for Superdirective Antenna Arrays

Complex Source Beam Method for EM Scattering From PEC Objects

Harmonics-Based Inhomogeneous Plane-Wave Method (HIPW)

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