2013
DOI: 10.1890/es12-00114.1
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Examining functional components of cover: the relationship between concealment and visibility in shrub‐steppe habitat

Abstract: Abstract. The term ''cover'' has been used broadly in ecology, with a wide range of meanings, from thermal cover to security cover, to escape cover. Some habitat features could provide both thermal and security cover, or both concealment and escape cover; but in other cases, habitat features such as vegetation could impose a tradeoff between opposing functions of cover. Cover that conceals an animal from a predator also could reduce the animal's visibility and thus, its ability to detect a predator early enoug… Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(46 citation statements)
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“…Because the needs for concealment and a clear view for visual security (i.e. the ability of the incubating bird to observe potential danger at a large enough distance to allow it to escape) may conflict (Camp et al 2013), birds may potentially trade off these requirements when selecting a nest site (Götmark et al 1995, Lloyd 2004, Miller et al 2007, Magaña et al 2010.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because the needs for concealment and a clear view for visual security (i.e. the ability of the incubating bird to observe potential danger at a large enough distance to allow it to escape) may conflict (Camp et al 2013), birds may potentially trade off these requirements when selecting a nest site (Götmark et al 1995, Lloyd 2004, Miller et al 2007, Magaña et al 2010.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cover is a key habitat element whose multiple functions depend on the species and context (Mysterud and Østbye 1999, Camp et al 2013). Cover represents relative safety in a plethora of cases across different systems and species (small mammals; Kotler et al 1992, freshwater snails; Turner et al 1999, ungulates; Hernandez and Laundré 2005, carnivores; Ordiz et al 2011), but its visual and locomotive obstruction can sometimes be to the advantage of the predator, rather than the prey (Camp et al 2013). There are well established field methods for quantifying horizontal and vertical cover (Mysterud and Østbye 1999), but these are time‐consuming and limited to point measurements in the field.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We estimated canopy cover by placing four 15 × 15 cm coverboards under each plant and took a digital photograph directly over the plant from a height of c . 1.5 m. A digital grid with n = 25 intersections was placed over each coverboard in the photograph to determine the percentage of the coverboard obscured by vegetation, which was used as an index of canopy cover (Camp, Rachlow, Woods, Johnson, & Shipley, ; Nobler, ). We obtained patch‐scale (3 m radius) estimates by averaging the plant‐scale measurements of height, volume and canopy cover.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%