Examining strain propagation in the branch unions of Quercus alba L. and Quercus montana Willd.

Eckenrode, Robert T.; Dahle, Gregory A.; Smiley, E. Thomas; DeVallance, David; Cynk-Dahle, Iwona; Walker, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127591

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Applying 3D-DIC on root-trunk transition zones, Beezley et al (2020) analyzed how forces are transmitted and distributed through pin oak trees, contributing to the risk assessment of damaged trees. Eckenrode (2017) studied branch attachments and used 3D-DIC to gain a better understanding of how and why branch failure occurs, resulting in publications on branch union load distribution in oak (Eckenrode et al, 2022) and red maple (Dahle et al, 2022) trees.…”

Section: Dic and Dvc For Wood And Tree Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital image correlation techniques for motion analysis and biomechanical characterization of plants

Mylo,

Poppinga

2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Temporally and spatially complex 3D deformation processes appear in plants in a variety of ways and are difficult to quantify in detail by classical cinematographic methods. Furthermore, many biomechanical test methods, e.g. regarding compression or tension, result in quasi-2D deformations of the tested structure, which are very time-consuming to analyze manually regarding strain fields. In materials testing, the contact-free optical 2D- or 3D-digital image correlation method (2D/3D-DIC) is common practice for similar tasks, but is still rather seldom used in the fundamental biological sciences. The present review aims to highlight the possibilities of 2D/3D-DIC for the plant sciences. The equipment, software, and preparative prerequisites are introduced in detail and advantages and disadvantages are discussed. In addition to the analysis of wood and trees, where DIC has been used since the 1990s, this is demonstrated by numerous recent approaches in the contexts of parasite-host attachment, cactus joint biomechanics, fruit peel impact resistance, and slow as well as fast movement phenomena in cones and traps of carnivorous plants. Despite some technical and preparative efforts, DIC is a very powerful tool for full-field 2D/3D displacement and strain analyses of plant structures, which is suitable for numerous in-depth research questions in the fields of plant biomechanics and morphogenesis.

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Section: Dic and Dvc For Wood And Tree Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital image correlation techniques for motion analysis and biomechanical characterization of plants

Mylo,

Poppinga

2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Can Mechanical Strain and Aspect Ratio Be Used to Determine Codominant Unions in Red Maple without Included Bark

Dahle

Eckenrode

Smiley³

et al. 2022

Forests

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Arborists maintain trees in landscapes where failure can cause damage to infrastructure. Codominant branch unions are considered less stable than lateral branch unions. Previous research has found that unions can be considered codominant when aspect ratio is greater than 0.70 when included bark is present, yet it remains unclear if this threshold is reasonable in the absences of included bark. We utilized digital image correlation to measure strain (deformation) and separation angle to failure to better understand how mechanical loads move through Acer rubrum L. (red maple) branch unions. Strain was found to be higher in the branch regions in limb failure and ball and socket failure modes and strain was greater in the branch protection zone regions of imbedded and flat failures. Strain at failure was found to decrease with increasing aspect ratio, plateauing beyond aspect ratios of 0.83. In the absence of included bark, red maple branch unions appear to become codominant at aspect ratio of 0.83. We recommend that arborists should proactively manage to keep aspect ratios lower than 0.60 and consider mitigation options as aspect ratios approach 0.70.

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Examining strain propagation in the branch unions of Quercus alba L. and Quercus montana Willd.

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Digital image correlation techniques for motion analysis and biomechanical characterization of plants

Digital image correlation techniques for motion analysis and biomechanical characterization of plants

Can Mechanical Strain and Aspect Ratio Be Used to Determine Codominant Unions in Red Maple without Included Bark

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