Examining the policy-practice gap- The issue of crop burning induced Particulate Matter pollution in Northwest India

Kaushal, Leena Ajit

doi:10.1080/20964129.2020.1846460

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The penalty amount was based on the landholding size. Residue burning is also a punishable offense under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 (Kaushal 2020). Despite these regulations, farmers continue burning rice residues, and pollution levels have not subsided in Northwest India (Keil et al 2021).…”

Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of Crop Residue Management

Krishna,

Mkondiwa

2023

Annu. Rev. Resour. Econ.

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More than five billion metric tons of agricultural residues are produced annually worldwide. Despite having multiple uses and significant potential to augment crop and livestock production, a large share of crop residues is burned, especially in Asian countries. This unsustainable practice causes tremendous air pollution and health hazards while restricting soil nutrient recycling. In this review, we examine the economic rationale for unsustainable residue management. The sustainability of residue utilization is determined by several economic factors, such as local demand for and quantity of residue production, development and dissemination of technologies to absorb excess residue, and market and policy instruments to internalize the social costs of residue burning. The intervention strategy to ensure sustainable residue management depends on public awareness of the private and societal costs of open residue burning.

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Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of Crop Residue Management

Krishna,

Mkondiwa

2023

Annu. Rev. Resour. Econ.

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“…Government policy alone may not solve the problem as expected. A glaring example of the policy-practice gap is observed in the case of crop residue burning in India (Kaushal 2020). Although crop residue burning is a crime under Section 188 of the Indian Penal Code and the Air and Pollution Control Act of 1981, a lack of effective implementation is apparent across the country (Porichha et al 2021), which indicates a need to explore cost-effective alternatives to burning to manage crop residues.…”

Section: Current Policies and Implications For Low-emissions Agricult...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Agriculture to Climate Change and Low-Emission Agricultural Development in Asia and the Pacific

Aryal¹

2022

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The agriculture sector in Asia and the Pacific region contributes massively to climate change, as the region has the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. The region is the largest producer of rice, a major source of methane emissions. Further, to achieve food security for the increasing population, there has been a massive increase in the use of synthetic fertilizer and energy in agricultural production in the region over the last few decades. This has led to an enormous rise in nitrous oxide (N2O; mostly from fertilizer-N use) and carbon dioxide (mostly from energy use for irrigation) emissions from agriculture. Besides this, a substantial increase in livestock production for meat and dairy products has increased methane emissions, along with other environmental problems. In this context, this study conducts a systematic review of strategies that can reduce emissions from the agriculture sector using a multidimensional approach, looking at supply-side, demand-side, and cross-cutting measures. The review found that though there are huge potentials to reduce GHG emissions from agriculture, significant challenges exist in monitoring and verification of GHG emissions from supply-side measures, shifting to sustainable consumption behavior with regard to food consumption and use, and the design and implementation of regulatory and incentive mechanisms. On the supply side, policies should focus on the upscaling of climate-smart agriculture primarily through expanding knowledge and improving input use efficiency in agriculture, while on the demand side, there is a need to launch a drive to reduce food loss and waste and also to move towards sustainable consumption. Therefore, appropriate integration of policies at multiple levels, as well as application of multiple measures simultaneously, can increase mitigation potential as desired by the Paris Agreement and also help to achieve several of the United Nations’ SDGs.

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“…Government policies alone cannot solve the problem as expected. A glaring example of the policy-practice gap is observed in the case of crop residue burning in India (Kaushal 2020). Although crop residue burning is a crime under Section 188 of the Indian Penal Code and the Air and Pollution Control Act of 1981, a lack of effective implementation is apparent across the country (Porichha et al 2021), which indicates a need to explore cost-effective alternatives to burning to manage crop residues.…”

Section: Current Policies and Implications For Low-emissions Agricult...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Lessons for Asia

2022

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Asia and the Pacific accounts for over 50% of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions, driven by rapid economic growth and energy consumption in developing countries. Far-reaching efforts are urgently needed to reduce the region’s emissions and realize a 1.5°C temperature drop required to fight climate change and associated threats to sustainable development, particularly in highly polluted cities. Many governments have pledged to meet net-zero carbon emissions by around mid-century, but action to transform energy markets alone will not be enough. Measures to promote the decarbonization of the transport, buildings, agriculture, and other sectors must also be taken forward to successfully achieve emissions reduction targets. Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Lessons for Asia highlights evidence-based approaches for advancing decarbonization across sectors. It offers timely insights for policy makers and scholars seeking to better understand the region’s climate change mitigation challenges, policy approaches for fostering emissions breakthroughs, and the sustainable development implications.

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Examining the policy-practice gap- The issue of crop burning induced Particulate Matter pollution in Northwest India

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Economics of Crop Residue Management

Economics of Crop Residue Management

Contribution of Agriculture to Climate Change and Low-Emission Agricultural Development in Asia and the Pacific

Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Lessons for Asia

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