Exchange bias effect in polycrystalline NiO/NiMn2O4 composite

Exchange-bias field induced by surface inhomogeneities in ferromagnetic/charge-ordered bilayer structure

“…Special attentions have been paid to surface and interface because they correlates with magnetic properties, particularly exchange bias (EB) which usually occurs in ferromagnetic (FM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling system. Many investigations [2,3] have been carried out theoretically and experimentally on the EB effect due to the important role of EB in fabricating magneto-electronic devices. In early years, researches were mainly focused on coupling system composed of traditional FM and AFM materials, such as FeNi, FeMn and CoO.…”