Exenterate or Not: A Simple Proposed Management Algorithm for Mucormycosis During the Era of COVID-19 in a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Egypt

Shabana, Reham Refaat; Eldesouky, Mohamed Ashraf; Elbedewy, Hazem A

doi:10.2147/opth.s366067

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Its presentation as pulmonary mucormycosis was recorded by Feki et al [164] in Tunisia; and Madeney et al [165] and El Mahallawy et al [157] in Egypt. In addition, there are also case reports in this regard [166][167][168][169].…”

Section: Mucormycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Bongomin

Ekeng

Kibone

et al. 2022

JoF

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Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are of huge concern in resource-limited settings, particularly in Africa, due to the unavailability of diagnostic armamentarium for IFDs, thus making definitive diagnosis challenging. IFDs have non-specific systemic manifestations overlapping with more frequent illnesses, such as tuberculosis, HIV, and HIV-related opportunistic infections and malignancies. Consequently, IFDs are often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. We critically reviewed the available literature on IFDs in Africa to provide a better understanding of their epidemiology, disease burden to guide future research and interventions. Cryptococcosis is the most encountered IFD in Africa, accounting for most of the HIV-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Invasive aspergillosis, though somewhat underdiagnosed and/or misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, is increasingly being reported with a similar predilection towards people living with HIV. More cases of histoplasmosis are also being reported with recent epidemiological studies, particularly from Western Africa, showing high prevalence rates amongst presumptive tuberculosis patients and patients living with HIV. The burden of pneumocystis pneumonia has reduced significantly probably due to increased uptake of anti-retroviral therapy among people living with HIV both in Africa, and globally. Mucormycosis, talaromycosis, emergomycosis, blastomycosis, and coccidiomycosis have also been reported but with very few studies from the literature. The emergence of resistance to most of the available antifungal drugs in Africa is yet of huge concern as reported in other regions. IFDs in Africa is much more common than it appears and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. Huge investment is needed to drive awareness and fungi related research especially in diagnostics and antifungal therapy.

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Section: Mucormycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Bongomin

Ekeng

Kibone

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…The search conducted in the databases resulted in 1282 articles, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria 23 – 55 ( Figure 1 ). The reviewed articles are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal infections in patients after recovering from COVID-19: a systematic review

Ulloque-Badaracco,

Copaja-Corzo,

Hernandez-Bustamante

et al. 2024

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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Background and aims: The presence of fungal infections has been described in patients after recovering from COVID-19. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of studies that reported fungal infections ( Mucor spp., Pneumocystis jirovecii, or Aspergillus spp.) in adults after recovering from COVID-19. Methods: We performed a systematic review through PubMed, Web of Science, OVID-Medline, Embase, and Scopus. The study selection process was performed independently and by at least two authors. We performed a risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort and case–control studies, and the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Checklists for Case Series and Case Reports. Results: The systematic search found 33 studies meeting all inclusion criteria. There was a total population of 774 participants, ranging from 21 to 87 years. From them, 746 developed a fungal infection. In 19 studies, Mucor spp. was reported as the main mycosis. In 10 studies, P. jirovecii was reported as the main mycosis. In seven studies, Aspergillus spp. was reported as the main mycosis. Regarding the quality assessment, 12 studies were classified as low risk of bias and the remaining studies as high risk of bias. Conclusion: Patients’ clinical presentation and prognosis after recovering from COVID-19 with fungal infection differ from those reported patients with acute COVID-19 infection and those without COVID-19 infection.

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“…In one patient with ROCM, intravenous amphotericin B was administered in conjunction with intraconal injections of amphotericin B (1 mg/ml) for 9 days, with the desired result of preventing diabetic ketoacidosis and the subsequent need for exenteration (9) . Exenteration was prevented in the vast majority of studies that detailed intraorbital infusions of amphotericin B (concentration 0.25-1.25 mg/ml; volume 1-15 ml; frequency 1-4 times daily; period 5 days to 4 weeks) (18) .…”

Section: Surgery and Local Debridementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Era of Mucormycosis in Covid-19 Pandemic; Overview, Radiological Imaging and Management: Review Article

Ibrahim¹,

Hasan²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2023

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Background: Infection of the respiratory system is the main focus of the broad family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses known as coronaviruses. The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 disease is a legitimate global public health threat. Mucormycosis and aspergillosis are the most typical fungal infections of the orbit. The most prevalent causative fungus for mucormycosis is a Rhizopus species, which belongs to the order Mucorales. Objective: Assessment of Mucormycosis in Covid-19 pandemic and its radiological diagnosis. Methods: We scoured medical publications and databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for information on Covid-19 and Mucormycosis between May 1988 and February 2023, however, only the latest or most comprehensive study was considered. The authors also assessed the usefulness of references drawn from similar books. As a result, non-English documents have been overlooked due to a lack of resources to translate them. It was commonly recognized that scientific research did not include things like unpublished publications, oral presentations, conference abstracts, or dissertations. Conclusion:Due to the indeterminate nature of the imaging results in mucormycosis, CT and MRI scans are better suited for preoperative planning than diagnosis. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings can range from hyperintensity to hypointensity, and fat planes may be lost.

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Exenterate or Not: A Simple Proposed Management Algorithm for Mucormycosis During the Era of COVID-19 in a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Egypt

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Fungal infections in patients after recovering from COVID-19: a systematic review

Era of Mucormycosis in Covid-19 Pandemic; Overview, Radiological Imaging and Management: Review Article

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