Exercise and the gastrointestinal system

Abstract

Physical exercise can have both acute and enduring effects on the gastrointestinal system. Physiological changes occur during exercise and as a result of repetitive physical activity. As a lifestyle measure, routine exercise has been associated with a reduced risk of developing certain gastrointestinal diseases. Exercise can also be beneficial for patients with gastrointestinal disease. Unpleasant gastrointestinal symptoms during vigorous exercise may limit athletes in competition and conversely, competitive sport can have adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract. This article aims to explore the relationship between exercise and the gastrointestinal system and to prepare clinicians for discussion of pertinent aspects of this relationship with patients.