Exercise-Induced Acute Changes in Systolic Blood Pressure Do Not Alter Choroidal Thickness as Measured by a Portable Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Device

Alwassia, Ahmad A.; Adhi, Mehreen; Zhang, Jason Y.; Regatieri, Caio; Al-Quthami, Adeeb; Salem, Deeb N.; Fujimoto, James G.; Duker, Jay S.

doi:10.1097/iae.0b013e3182618c22

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…There were no significant changes in the mean CCT before and after the exercise which is consistent with recent reports [2, 13]. Our results added the new information that there were no significant changes in the mean total choroidal area, the mean luminal and stromal areas after the dynamic exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The results of a recent study using the enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) showed that there was a significant increase in the choroidal thickness after exercise [12], but others did not find any significant changes in the thickness after the exercise [2, 13]. Because the choroid does not have a distinct layer-by-layer architecture, the changes of either the luminal or stromal areas of the choroid after exercise have not been determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Exercise on the Structure and Circulation of Choroid in Normal Eyes

et al. 2016

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AimsTo determine the effects of dynamic exercise on the circulation and the luminal and stromal areas of the choroid in normal eyes.MethodsThis was a prospective interventional study of 38 eyes of 38 normal subjects enrolled by invitation. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, intraocularpressure, mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP), choroidal blood velocity, and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomographic (EDI-OCT) images were recorded before, and immediately after mild dynamic exercise. The same measurements were recorded after 10 min of rest. The choroidal blood velocity was measured bylaser speckle flowgraphy, and the mean blur rate was used for the evaluations. The horizontal EDI-OCT images of the subfoveal choroid were converted to binary images. The central choroidal thickness (CCT), total cross sectional choroidal area, luminal areas, stromal areas, and the ratio of luminal area to total choroidal area (L/C ratio) were determined from these images.ResultsThe systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, MOPP, and the mean blur rate were significantly increased immediately after the exercise and significantly decreased 10 minutes after the exercise. There wereno significant changes in the mean CCT, the mean total choroidal area, the mean luminal and stromal areas, and the mean L/C ratio after the exercise.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a rest period is needed before measurements of blood flow velocity but not necessary for the EDI-OCT imaging to determine the choroidal thickness and area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise on the Structure and Circulation of Choroid in Normal Eyes

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies have investigated the choroidal response to stress tests in healthy subjects and in CSCR patients by measuring the choroidal thickness with Spectral Domain OCT and enhanced depth imaging. 47,48 Alwassia et al 47 did not obtain any significant change in choroidal thickness during an acute increase of systolic BP in healthy subjects. Roybal et al 48 observed an increase of choroidal thickness as a response to increased BP in patients with CSCR but not in healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal Vascular Reactivity in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Piccolino

Lupidi

Cagini

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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METHODS. For this multicenter, observational, case-control study, we enrolled 35 patients with an established diagnose of CSCR and 25 age-matched healthy controls. All subjects underwent a handgrip isometric exercise to obtain elevation of blood pressure (BP). In the resting phase and during the physical effort, macular OCT-angiograms were acquired. Systemic hemodynamic data were recorded at baseline and during stress conditions using an electronic sphygmomanometer. The analysis of vascular density (VD) of the choriocapillaris (CC) was performed on OCT-angiograms. The results obtained in CSCR patients, both at baseline and during the stress test, were compared with those of healthy subjects. RESULTS.Baseline and under stress values of systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean arterial pressure were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in CSCR patients compared to controls, reaching values in the range of hypertension during the exercise. Baseline VD values of the CC were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in CSCR cases compared to healthy subjects. We noticed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in these values under stress condition in CSCR patients and not in controls.CONCLUSIONS. The present study suggests that choroidal blood flow is dysregulated in CSCR. During physical stress, CSCR patients easily reach critical values of BP that are not dampened by compensatory mechanisms in the choroidal vessels, as it happens in healthy subjects. The CC in CSCR could be particularly vulnerable to variations of systemic hemodynamics.

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“…Moreover, smoking can cause temporary changes in CT, but it has also been demonstrated that CT is not significantly associated with smoking [7,8]. Additionally, there is another study that shows that CT is not significantly associated with blood pressure [9]. There is only one study in the literature that has investigated choroidal thickness changes during the menstrual cycle [10].…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 96%