Exercise-Induced Irisin, the Fat Browning Myokine, as a Potential Anticancer Agent

Maalouf, George-Emmanuel; Khoury, Diala El

doi:10.1155/2019/6561726

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Therefore, irisin acts as an important regulator of tissue cross-talk, mainly between muscle and other tissues/organs. Therefore, irisin is a potential option for preventing/treating a wide range of diseases including cancer [89]. In the present review we tried to delineate molecular mechanism of intracellular functions of irisin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the cellular activities of Fndc5/Irisin and its signaling pathways

et al. 2020

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Fndc5, a well-defined myokine and also identified as an adipokine, has a critical role in modulation of metabolism and protection against obesity. These important functions are mediated by irisin, a secretory peptide produced from proteolytic processing of Fndc5. The other beneficial physiological effects of irisin are alleviation of oxidative stress, neuroprotective effects, and anti-inflammatory properties and associated anti-metastatic effects. Fndc5/irisin exerts its biological effects through several intracellular signaling pathways. The major signaling pathway is thought to be MAPK signaling pathways which are involved in neural differentiation, browning of white adipocytes, as well as osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Other essential functions of Fndc5/irisin are mediated through additional pathways including AMPK pathway, PI3K/AKT, and STAT3/Snail. Thorough understanding of the mechanisms of irisin actions are essential in order to develop Fndc5/irisin for therapeutic purposes. In the present review, we focus on the current knowledge of the signaling pathways that elicit irisin actions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the cellular activities of Fndc5/Irisin and its signaling pathways

et al. 2020

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“…Regarding cancer studies, irisin's role in carcinogenesis was recently debated [ 26 ]. Preliminary in vitro data showed no effect of irisin treatment in the colon, thyroid, esophageal, and endometrial cancer cell lines [ 27 ], while later data supported potential anticarcinogenic properties of irisin in malignant breast [ 15 ], lung [ 28 ], osteosarcoma [ 29 ], and pancreatic [ 30 ] cancer cell lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Irisin and Omentin-1 in Breast Neoplasms and Their Association with Tumor Histology

Panagiotou

Triantafyllidou

Tarlatzis

et al. 2021

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Breast cancer is associated with obesity, possibly due to direct effects of adipokines and myokines, such as omentin-1 and irisin. In this study, we aimed to evaluate omentin-1 and irisin levels in women with benign and/or malignant breast neoplasms vs. healthy controls. Disease-free individuals (N = 56) and patients with histologically proven benign (N = 61) or malignant tumor (N = 96; subdivided into recently diagnosed/treatment-naïve (N = 72) and chemotherapy-treated (N = 24) subgroups) were enrolled in this study. Demographic, biochemical, and tumor histological characteristics were recorded. Body composition parameters were assessed using bioelectrical impedance. Serum irisin and omentin-1 levels were quantified with ELISA kits. In adjusted models, irisin levels were higher in both benign and malignant cases compared to controls but were comparable between neoplasms. Further adjustment for omentin-1 levels showed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = (1.02, 1.08), p < 0.01 ) and irisin levels (OR = 5.30, 95% CI = (1.24, 22.38), p = 0.03 ) were independent predictors of the presence of malignancy. These molecules were associated with each other and with other anthropometric and demographic parameters. Irisin was associated with tumor histological characteristics including Ki67% levels, Elston-Ellis grading system, and estrogen receptors status. Omentin-1 was also associated with the Elston-Ellis grading system. In conclusion, serum irisin is increased in patients with both benign and malignant diseases of the breast. When combined with omentin-1, irisin concentration was associated with the presence of breast malignancy. This molecule’s role as a potential diagnostic and/or prognostic agent in breast malignancies warrants further investigation in larger prospective studies.

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“…Aerobic exercise, such as running, swimming, and treadmill training, upregulates the expression of irisin at mRNA and protein levels, as well as irisin levels in the plasma, in humans, mice, and rats [ 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 177 ]. However, irisin production is higher in cardiac muscle than that in skeletal muscle, which suggests that skeletal muscle is probably not the main source of irisin.…”

Section: Myokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview

2020

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Physical activity has been found to aid the maintenance of health in the elderly. Exercise-induced skeletal muscle contractions lead to the production and secretion of many small proteins and proteoglycan peptides called myokines. Thus, studies on myokines are necessary for ensuring the maintenance of skeletal muscle health in the elderly. This review summarizes 13 myokines regulated by physical activity that are affected by aging and aims to understand their potential roles in metabolic diseases. We categorized myokines into two groups based on regulation by aerobic and anaerobic exercise. With aging, the secretion of apelin, β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), decorin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), interleukin-15 (IL-15), irisin, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), sestrin, secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine (SPARC), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) decreased, while that of IL-6 and myostatin increased. Aerobic exercise upregulates apelin, BAIBA, IL-15, IL-6, irisin, SDF-1, sestrin, SPARC, and VEGF-A expression, while anaerobic exercise upregulates BMP-7, decorin, IGF-1, IL-15, IL-6, irisin, and VEGF-A expression. Myostatin is downregulated by both aerobic and anaerobic exercise. This review provides a rationale for developing exercise programs or interventions that maintain a balance between aerobic and anaerobic exercise in the elderly.

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Exercise-Induced Irisin, the Fat Browning Myokine, as a Potential Anticancer Agent

Cited by 52 publications

References 41 publications

New insights into the cellular activities of Fndc5/Irisin and its signaling pathways

New insights into the cellular activities of Fndc5/Irisin and its signaling pathways

Serum Levels of Irisin and Omentin-1 in Breast Neoplasms and Their Association with Tumor Histology

Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview

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