“…20 Nevertheless, exhaustive exercise may be problematic, as they are stressful through production of reactive oxygen species and can cause damage to muscle tissue and other organs, 21 voluntary exercise may be a better model with more beneficial effects. 22 In the animal model of voluntary exercise, the animal has free access to a running wheel and uses the wheel according to its physiological threshold for physical activity. Therefore, the influence of crocin combination with voluntary exercise on pancreases apoptosis following type 2 diabetic rats remains unknown.…”