Exercise Mimetics: An Emerging and Controversial Topic in Sport and Exercise Physiology

Abstract

Over the previous decade, there has been growing and fervent interest in scientific and commercial circles regarding the potential of bioactive compounds that mimic, or augment, the effects of exercise. These developments have given rise to the moniker ‘exercise pills’ or ‘exercise mimetics’. The emergence of such orally-delivered bioactive compounds could hold substantial therapeutic value for combating metabolic disease. Such treatments might also present therapeutic value for morbidly obese individuals or those recovering from severe injury. This topic is not without controversy, however, as the search for a ‘one size fits all’ solution is not likely to bear fruit, given the complexity of the molecular and physiological mechanisms involved. The primary goal of this chapter is to explore the challenges of designing a pill that might reliably deliver the myriad and complex adaptations afforded by exercise training, with a focus on skeletal muscle. Furthermore, it will consider the issues, rationale, and practicality of implementing such therapeutics as a credible substitute to engaging in regular exercise training.