Exercise Training Prevents Cardiovascular Derangements Induced by Fructose Overload in Developing Rats

Abstract

The risks of chronic diseases associated with the increasing consumption of fructose-laden foods are amplified by the lack of regular physical activity and have become a serious public health issue worldwide. Moreover, childhood eating habits are strongly related to metabolic syndrome in adults. Thus, we aimed to investigate the preventive role of exercise training undertaken concurrently with a high fructose diet on cardiac function, hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation and oxidative stress in male rats after weaning. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 8/group): Sedentary control (SC), Trained control (TC), Sedentary Fructose (SF) and Trained Fructose (TF). Training was performed on a treadmill (8 weeks, 40–60% of maximum exercise test). Evaluations of cardiac function, hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation and oxidative stress in plasma and in left ventricle (LV) were performed. Chronic fructose overload induced glucose intolerance and an increase in white adipose tissue (WAT) weight, in myocardial performance index (MPI) (SF:0.42±0.04 vs. SC:0.24±0.05) and in arterial pressure (SF:122±3 vs. SC:113±1 mmHg) associated with increased cardiac and vascular sympathetic modulation. Fructose also induced unfavorable changes in oxidative stress profile (plasmatic protein oxidation- SF:3.30±0.09 vs. SC:1.45±0.08 nmol/mg prot; and LV total antioxidant capacity (TRAP)- SF: 2.5±0.5 vs. SC:12.7±1.7 uM trolox). The TF group showed reduced WAT, glucose intolerance, MPI (0.35±0.04), arterial pressure (118±2mmHg), sympathetic modulation, plasmatic protein oxidation and increased TRAP when compared to SF group. Therefore, our findings indicate that cardiometabolic dysfunctions induced by fructose overload early in life may be prevented by moderate aerobic exercise training.

Effect of personalized moderate exercise training on Wistar rats fed with a fructose enriched water

“…1 d). Indeed, ET reduces insulin levels in ExFF group, thus showing the positive impact of exercise on glucose metabolism in MetS rats likewise others authors [ 19 , 20 , 41 , 42 ]. About the net glucose AUC, our results are not obvious: training seems to restore Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT).…”

“…Consequently, as C, FF, and ExFF group are not statistically different, we propose to invalidate IGT in C group with net glucose AUC. Nonetheless, IGT is not systematically observed in fructose fed model of MetS, and this IGT would be dependent of gender [ 6 ], time of regimen [ 43 , 44 ] and is improve with training [ 19 ].…”

Fructose Consumption in the Development of Obesity and the Effects of Different Protocols of Physical Exercise on the Hepatic Metabolism

“…Exercised rodents treated with fructose also had a decrease in oxidative stress markers [102] and NAFLD [100], and a lower TG accumulation in liver tissue [69]. Moreover, Farah and colleagues [102] showed that aerobic exercise was able to prevent hemodynamic and autonomic cardiac dysfunction promoted by high fructose diet.…”

Temporal Measures in Cardiac Structure and Function During the Development of Obesity Induced by Different Types of Western Diet in a Rat Model

“…Indeed, elevated sugar intake has been associated with greater risks of developing cardiovascular disease [46]. However, experimental studies with high sugar added in the diet [38,47,48] or in the drinking water [49][50][51] have also shown conflicting results regarding the cardiac dysfunction due to the heterogeneity of the experimental protocol. Future investigations should be of reasonable duration, use defined animal models, and improve comparisons concerning results of relevant doses of nutrients on specific outcomes to better understand the effect of sugar consumption in the absence of potential confounding factors.…”