Exercise Ventilatory Efficiency in Older and Younger Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Ventilatory efficiency in pulmonary vascular diseases

“…A more challenging clinical scenario is differentiating PAH from heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) when there is PH and the left ventricular systolic function is normal on echocardiogram. Most CPET studies in HFpEF patients report mean V′ E /V′ CO 2 slope values in the range of 35 to 40[54][55][56][57][58], which is less than is typically seen in PAH[19,34,39,59]. However, no studies have evaluated the utility of V′ V′ E /V′ CO 2 ) was positive in CTEPH and negative in PAH and controls.…”