Exfoliation Syndrome Immunological Aspects

Ringvold, Amund

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb02626.x

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Other environmental factors that have been proposed to participate in the pathogenesis of PXS are slow virus infection [72] and autoimmunity [73]. The report of the occurrence of PXS in relatively young patients after keratoplasty suggests the transmission of the disease from donor to the recipient.…”

Section: Gene-environment Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, a systemic disorder with ocular manifestations

et al. 2012

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Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is a systemic condition with eye manifestations. In the eye, pseudoexfoliation material deposits on various structures of the anterior segment. The nature of this material is mostly fibrillar with fibers made up of microfibrils and coated with amorphous material. The composition of these fibrils is diverse and includes basement membrane components as well as enzymes involved in extracellular matrix maintenance. Pseudoexfoliation is the most common cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma (pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, PXG) worldwide. The goal of this review is to summarize our knowledge on the genetics of this systemic disorder and its resultant ocular manifestations. PXS familial aggregation suggests genetic inheritance. PXS has been strongly associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) gene on chromosome 15q24.1. Two of these SNPs confer a higher than 99% population attributable risk for PXS and PXG in the Nordic population; however, they carry different risks in different populations. The high risk haplotypes also vary among different populations. LOXL1 is one of group of the enzymes involved in the cross-linking of collagen and elastin in the extracellular matrix. Its function in connective tissue maintenance has been confirmed in mice; however, its actual role in PXS remains unclear. Contactin-associated protein-like 2 also has a strong genetic association with PXS in a German cohort and is an attractive candidate molecule. It encodes for a protein involved in potassium channel trafficking. Other candidate genes linked to PXS include lysosomal trafficking regulator, clusterin, adenosine receptors, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1), and glutathione transferase. These genes may be modifying genes for development of PXS and PXG.

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Section: Gene-environment Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, a systemic disorder with ocular manifestations

et al. 2012

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“…In the first of these exepriments, an almost linear uptake of leucine was observed during the observation time (Fig. Due to the clinical importance of the PE syndrome, the material has been subjected to extensive morphological (Ringvold & Vegge 1971;Ringvold 1972), and also to biochemical (Nicolaissen et al 1992) and immunohistochemical (Hietanen & Tarkkanen 1989;Ringvold 1988;Konstas et al 1991) investigations. In the second experiment, the scintillation counting of NaOH soluble material after 3 h leucine exposure, showed significantly higher values than those obtained when counting TCA precipitated material (2 10 1 / 17 9 7).…”

Section: Incorporation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the clinical importance of the PE syndrome, the material has been subjected to extensive morphological (Ringvold & Vegge 1971;Ringvold 1972), and also to biochemical (Nicolaissen et al 1992) and immunohistochemical (Hietanen & Tarkkanen 1989;Ringvold 1988;Konstas et al 1991) investigations. These studies have identified both protein and glycosaminoglycans in the PE material.…”

Section: Incorporation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro studies of conjunctival cells from eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation

Halvorsen

Nicolaissen

Ringvold

et al. 1995

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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The aim of the study was to examine for possible differences between cell cultures derived from eye with and without pseudoexfoliation. In both populations, scanning electron microscopy showed flattened epithelial cells and also spindleshaped fibroblast-like cells. The presence of these cell types was further confirmed by immunohistochemical demonstration of cytokeratin and vimentin in the cultured cells. The cells maintained in vitro showed a linear increase in uptake of leucine during a 12-h period. Within this period, the leucine recovered in the TCA precipitable fraction was considerably higher than the nonbound fraction. In cultures maintained in medium with and without L-ascorbic acid, the presence of L-ascorbic acid significantly increase the uptake of leucine into TCA precipitable material, and to a similar extent in cultures from the two populations. In conclusion, cells derived from eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation material and maintained in vitro showed similar morphology, presence of intermediate filaments, as well as uptake of leucine under various culture conditions.

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“…Since the PE material histochemically contains both protein and glycosaminoglycans (Morrisson & Green 1988), actions have been taken to try to characterize the protein components immunologically (Ringvold 1988;Li et al 1988;Konstas et al 1991) and the carbohydrate components by lectin staining (Streeten et al 1986;Hietanen & Tarkkanen 1989). So far, though, only tentative conclusions have been reached.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid incorporation in cell cultures from eyes with pseudo‐exfoliation material

Nicolaissen

Ringvold

Næss

1992

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Conjunctival tissue was removed from eyes with and without pseudo-exfoliation material during cataract surgery. Cells derived from these samples were maintained in vitro. Confluent cultures were examined by transmission electron microscopy, and non-confluent as well as confluent cultures were examined for their ability to incorporate 3H-leucine and 3H-proline into TCA-precipitated material. Cells derived from both types of samples showed deposition of extracellular matrix, and a similar incorporation of the two amino acids. It is concluded that in vitro studies allow examination of basic metabolic patterns under varying conditions, and also a search for possible differences in such functions between tissues with and without production of pseudo-exfoliation material.

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Exfoliation Syndrome Immunological Aspects

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, a systemic disorder with ocular manifestations

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, a systemic disorder with ocular manifestations

In vitro studies of conjunctival cells from eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation

Amino acid incorporation in cell cultures from eyes with pseudo‐exfoliation material

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