Exogenous Fluorescent Agents for the Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate

Rajagopalan, Raghavan; Dorshow, Richard B.

doi:10.5772/27258

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Development of fluorescent GFR markers formed a new, faster, and non-invasive technique for assessing renal function. Dorshow et al are one of the pioneers in this field, suggesting two ways of designing exogenous fluorescent GFR markers: (1) Modifying the already known renal-clearable exogenous compounds to make them more fluorescent, and (2) modifying the structure of the fluorescent lipophilic dyes to get its hydrophilic, anionic version, which therefore follows a renal clearance path [10]. For the first way, majorly poor emitters such as lanthanide metals (europium (Eu 3+ ) and indium (In 3+ )) have been complexed with ligands such as DTPAmonoamide, to get a higher fluorescence through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) [10].…”

Section: Gfr Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second way has been studied in more detail, mostly with pyrazine-based-scaffolds. For instance, addition of electron-withdrawing groups such as carboxylic acid at 2,5 position, and electron-donating group such as amine at 3,6 position renders a large Stoke's shift (~100 nm) [10]. This can then be further modified to get desired optical properties.…”

Section: Gfr Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of non-invasive methods for transcutaneous measurements of glomerular filtration

Yusuf

Picascia

Vajpayee

et al. 2021

Journal of Experimental Nephrology

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% of the population worldwide. It often leads to poor quality of life, especially among people suffering from end-stage CKD. Detection and treatment of the renal disorders at an early stage can help in postponing of end-stage disease as well as its treatment options, such as renal transplant and dialysis. The current routine measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) includes methods that are expensive, cumbersome, time-consuming, inaccurate, often inconvenient and invasive for the patients. Non-invasive diagnostic techniques can help to overcome many of these drawbacks. This paper reviews the progress made in the field of transcutaneous GFR measurement as a way for a simpler, non-invasive, cheaper, and patient-friendly assessment of renal function. We have discussed the various markers designed in combination with different measurement devices for the measurement of GFR. Also, we have compared the different kinetic models used to study the marker's clearance from the plasma; which ultimately helps in calculating the GFR. Most of these techniques have been limited to pre-clinical studies until now, with promising results for their transition into clinical use in the near future.

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Section: Gfr Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gfr Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%